Mapeamento da Cobertura do Solo com Base nos Princípios do Planejamento da Paisagem Aplicado ao Bairro Cabral, Curitiba/PR (Land Cover Mapping Based on Landscape Planning Principles Applied to Cabral District, Curitiba/PR)

Abstract

O Planejamento da Paisagem aplicado ao meio urbanizado tem como um dos princípios a manutenção ou melhoria da qualidade ambiental urbana. A cobertura do solo urbano é um dos aspectos que interfere na qualidade ambiental. Assim, mapeou-se a cobertura do solo do bairro Cabral, Curitiba/PR e foi elaborada uma chave classificatória (legenda do mapa) destacando aspectos da estrutura de cada paisagem, com inferências sobre a dinâmica e a qualidade ambiental das paisagens do bairro. Foram utilizadas imagens de 2009 do Google Earth e a base cartográfica de 2011 do Instituto de Pesquisa e Planejamento Urbano de Curitiba (IPPUC) na escala 1:25.000. O mapa final, na escala 1:12.500, e a chave classificatória foram trabalhadas no software CorelDRAW X6. As 18 categorias de paisagens identificadas diferem entre si pela presença de espaços edificados, espaços sem edificações, vias de tráfego e terminal de ônibus, sendo a cobertura vegetal um importante aspecto que interferiu na classificação das paisagens. Com a avaliação da qualidade ambiental do bairro Cabral concluiu-se que a presença de corredores de edifícios e de barracões em pontos localizados diminui a qualidade ambiental, mas as áreas de manchas verdes importantes, que representam a cobertura vegetal, atuam como contribuintes para aumentar a qualidade ambiental e devem ser preservadas.

A B S T R A C T

The Landscape Planning applied to urbanized areas has as one of the principles the upkeep or improvement of the urban environmental quality. The urban land cover is one of the aspects that interfere in the environmental quality. So that, the land cover of Cabral district, located in Curitiba/PR was mapped and qualifying key (key of map) was organized highlighting the structure aspects of which landscape, with inferences about the dynamic and the environmental quality of the district’s landscapes. It was used Google Earth images (2009) and the cartographic base (2011) from IPPUC (Institut of Research and Urban Planning of Curitiba), scale 1:25.000. The final map, in scale 1:12.500 and the qualifying key were made in software Corel Draw X6. It was identified eighteen categories of landscapes that are differed among themselves by built-up spaces, non-built-up spaces, traffic roads and bus station. The vegetation cover was an important aspect which interfered on the landscape classification. With the environmental quality evaluation of Cabral district it was concluded that the existence of lines of buildings and large sheds, in some specific areas decrease the environmental quality, but the important green spots areas, which represent the vegetation cover, act as contributors to increase the environmental quality and they should be preserved.

Keywords:  Urban environmental quality; Landscape classification; Urban planning