Escoamento em baixos níveis associado ao deficit de precipitação do verão 2019/2020 do município de Pelotas - RS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.5.p3096-3107Abstract
A ocorrência de deficit de precipitação pode provocar estiagem, acarretando prejuízos econômicos e desabastecimento para uma determinada região ou município. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) é atingido por diversos sistemas meteorológicos que influenciam em seus regimes de precipitação. No verão 2019/2020 foi observado uma brusca redução nos acumulados mensais de precipitação no município de Pelotas - RS, ocasionando problemas para seu abastecimento urbano, bem como impactando diretamente nas safras agrícolas. O principal transporte de umidade em grande escala é realizado pelo escoamento do vento em baixos níveis (850 hPa). Assim, este trabalho analisou, por meio de dados de reanálise do ERA5, se durante o período de dezembro de 2019 à março de 2020 ocorreu alguma alteração no escoamento climatológico que explique, mesmo que parcialmente, a anomalia negativa de precipitação. Observou-se que os quatro meses em estudo apresentaram alterações no escoamento em baixos níveis, que teve diminuída ou eliminada a sua componente de norte, o que acarretou em valores de umidade e água precipitável menores que o normal.
Flow at levels associated with the 2019/2020 summer precipitation deficit in the municipality of Pelotas - RS
A B S T R A C T
The occurrence of rainfall deficit can cause drought, leading to economic losses and shortages for a given region or city. The State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, is reached by several meteorological systems that influence its precipitation rates. In the summer of 2019/2020 a sharp reduction of monthly precipitation rates in the municipality of Pelotas – RS was observed, causing problems for its urban water supply, as well as directly impacting agricultural crops. The main large scale transport of moisture is carried out by the low levels (850 hPa) wind flow. Thus, this study analyzed, using ERA5 reanalysis data, whether during the period from December 2019 to March 2020 there was any change in the climatological flow that explains, even partially, the negative precipitation anomaly. It was observed that these four months showed changes at low levels flow, presenting its northern component decreased or eliminated, leading to a decrease of the contribution of amazonian moisture, which resulted in lower than normal values of humidity and total column rain water.
Keywords: Drought, ERA5, Rainfall Anomaly.
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