Análise comparativa de políticas de comércio exterior para o desenvolvimento na Coreia e na América Latina: breve revisão histórica e teórica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51359/2179-7501.2024.264529Palavras-chave:
Comércio exterior, industrialização, desenvolvimento econômico, globalização, industrialização por substituição de importaçõesResumo
O artigo "Análise comparativa de políticas de comércio exterior para o desenvolvimento na Coreia e na América Latina: breve revisão histórica e teórica" examina as diferenças nas estratégias de industrialização e desenvolvimento econômico entre a Coreia do Sul e os principais países da América Latina (Brasil, México, Argentina, Colômbia, Chile e Venezuela). Em meados do século XX, a América Latina ocupava uma posição econômica relativamente avançada, enquanto a Coreia do Sul era uma das nações mais pobres do mundo. No entanto, nas décadas seguintes, a Coreia alcançou um desenvolvimento econômico notável, em contraste com o estagnação da América Latina. O estudo utiliza o quadro analítico das políticas de Industrialização por Substituição de Importações (ISI) e Industrialização Orientada para a Exportação (IOE) para classificar e comparar as estratégias comerciais de ambas as regiões. Destaca-se como a Coreia do Sul adotou com sucesso uma estratégia de IOE, focando na promoção de exportações, o que resultou em um crescimento econômico significativo. Por outro lado, a América Latina, com seu enfoque na ISI, enfrentou dificuldades para manter um crescimento sustentável e diversificar sua economia. O artigo também explora teorias como o “Mal Holandês” e a Teoria da Dependência para explicar essas diferenças, concluindo que a abertura econômica foi fundamental para o sucesso da Coreia.
Referências
Abreu, M. et al. (2000). Import Substitution and Growth in Brazil, 1890s-1970s. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (pp. 154-175). N.Y. New York: PALGRAVE.^
Alam, A., & Rajapatirana, S. (1993). Trade Policy Reform in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1980s. World Bank.
Aspra, A. (1977). Import Substitution in Mexico: Past and Present. World Development, 111-123.
Astorga, P. (2000). Industrialization in Venezuela, 1936-83: The Problem of abundance. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (pp. 205-238). N.Y. New York: PALGRAVE.
Barros de Castro, A. (1969). Una interpretración del modelo histórico Latinoaméricano. Santiago de Chile: Cepal.
BBC. (2018, 04 30). BBC. Retrieved from Por qué en América Latina no ha habido una integración regional como en la Unión Europea: https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-43916189.
Bello, O., & Hessi, R. (2008). El auge reciente de precios de los productos básicos en perspective histórica. Santiago de Chile: Cepal.
Belloc, M., & Maio, M. D. (2011). Survey of the Literature on Successful Strategies and Practices for Export Promotion by Developing Countries. International Growth Centre Working Paper, No.11/0248.
Bernecker, W. L., & Fischer, T. (1998). Rise and Decline of Latin American Dependency. Itinerario, 22(04), 25-43.
Berry, A., & Thoumi, F. (1977). Import Substitution and Beyond: Colombia. World Development, 89-109.
Bradford, C. (2014). Policy Interventions and Markets: Development Strategy Typologies and Policy Options. In G. Gereffi, & D. L. Wyman, Manufacturing Miracles : Paths of Industrialization in Latin America and East Asia (pp. 32-39). Princeton University Press.
Brambilla, I., Gailani, S., & Porto, G. (2018). Argentine trade policies in the XX century: 60 years. Latin American Economic Review, 14-22.
Bresser-Pereira, L. (2009). From Old to New Developmentalism in Latin America. Sao Paulo: Escola de Economia de Sao Paulo.
Brinčíková, Z. (2016). The Dutch Disease, an OVerview. European Scientific Journal, 95-101.
Brookings, & Petri, Plummer, P. (2021, 12 02). Brookings. Retrieved from Why South Korea should join the CPTPP: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2021/12/02/why-south-korea-should-join-the-cptpp/.
Brwon, R. T. (1979). The future of international railways of southamerica: a hystorical approach. Cepal Review, I(1), 7-38.
Canuto, O. (2020, August 17). Brazil, South Korea, and Global Value Chains: a Tale of Two Countries. Retrieved junio 1, 2021, from https://www.cmacrodev.com/brazil-south-korea-and-global-value-chains-a-tale-of-two-countries/.
Cardenas, E. (2000). The Process of Accelerated Industrialization in Mexico, 1929-82. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (pp. 176-204). N.Y. New York: PALGRAVE.
Cardenas, E. et al. (2000). An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Latin America Volume 1. New York: Palgrave.
Cardosa, E. A. (1986). What Policymakers Can Learn from Brazil and Mexico. Challenge, 29(4), 19-28.
Castelar Pinheiro, A. (2004). Brazilian Economic Growth, 1900-2000: lessons and policy implications . Washington D.C.: Inter-American Development Bank.
Cepal. (1993). Trade liberalization in Latin America. Santiago: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean.
Cepal. (2000). La Cepal en sus 50 años: notas de un seminario conmemorativo. Santiago de Chile: Cepal.
Choi, S. (2010). The Formation Process of Export-oriented Industrialization Policy in Korea -A Study on Factors of Rapid Export Growth after the early 1960s. (pp. 197-224). The Review of Business History (KABH).
Cravalho, J. L., & Haddad, C. L. (1980). Foreign Trade Strategies and Employment in Brazil. University of Chicago Press.
Della Paolera, Gerardo et al. (2018). The industralization of South America Revisited: Eidence from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Colombia, 1890-2010. Cambridge, MA: [US] National Bereau of Economic Research.
Di Filippo, A. (1977). Raices históricas de las Estructuras distributivas en América Latina. Santiago de Chile: Cepal.
Di Filippo, A. (2009). Estructuralismo latinoamericano y teoría económica. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL.
Edwards, S. (1994). Trade and Industrial Policy Reform in Latin America. 4772. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Encyclopedia Britannica. (1999). Korea: Economic and social developments. Retrieved december 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Korea/Economic-and-social-developments.
Encyclopedia Britannica web version. (1998). The independence of Latin America. Retrieved from Encyclopedia Britannica web version: https://www.britannica.com/place/Latin-America/additional-info#history.
Evans, P. (2007). Instituciones y desarrollo en la era de la globalizacion neoliberal. Bogota: ILSA.
Frank, C. R., Kim, K. S., & Westphal, L. E. (1975). Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: South Korea. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
French-Davis, R. et al. (2000). The Industrialization of Chile during Protectionism, 1940-82. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (pp. 114-153). N.Y. New York: PALGRAVE.
Galiani, S., & Somaini, P. (2018). Path-dependent import-substitution policies: the case of Argentina in the twentieth century. Lat Am Econ Rev.
George Candler, G. (1996). Cardoso, Dependency Theory and Brazil. St. Louis: Indiana University.
Gereffi, G. (2014). Paths of Industrialization: An Overview. In G. Gereffi, & D. L. Wyman, Manufacturing Miracles : Paths of Industrialization in Latin America and East Asia (pp. 17-18). Princeton University Press.
Griffith, & Breda. (2011). Middle-Income Trap. In R. e. Nallhari, Frontiers in Development Policy: a Premier on Emerging Issues (pp. 34-39). Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
Han, O.-S. (1991). Public Enterprises in Korea: With Special Reference to their roles in Economic Development. Thesis for the degree of Master of Philosophy. London: London Schoo of Economics and Political Science.
Han, O.-S. (1991). Thesis for the degree of Master of Philosophy. Public Enterprises in Korea: With Special Reference to their roles in Economic Development. London: London Schoo of Economics and Political Science.
Hernandez Lasso, H. (2019). From the Industralization Model by Import Substitution (ISI) to the Open Model Adopted in Colombia Since 1991. Journal of Applied Busisness and Economics, 49-56.
Hume, D. (1817). Philosophical Essays on Morals,. Literature, and Politics, 1.
Inklaar, R., Timmer, M. P., & Feenstra, R. C. (2021). Penn World Table version 10.0. University of Groningen.
Jacks, D. (2019). From Boom to Bust: A Typology of Real Commodity Prices in the Long Run. NBER Working Paper 18874.
Jeong, H. (2018). Analysis of Korea’s Long-Term Growth Process and Lessons for Sustainable Development Policies. The Korean Economic Review (pp. 237-265). Seoul: Korean Economi Association.
Katz, J., & Kosacoff, B. (2000). Import-Substituting Industrialization in Argentina, 1940-80: Its Achievements and Shortcomings. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (p. 282). N. Y. New York: PALGRAVE.
Kenneth P., J. (1986). Latin American Structuralism: a methodological perspective. World Development, XXIV(2), 223-232.
Kim, C. (2010). Trade and Industrial Policy. In K. J. Sung, Development Experience of the Korean Economy (pp. 105-120). Kyung Hee University Press.
Kim, D. (2010). Outwar-Looking Development Strategy in the 1960s. In K. Sung, Development Experience of the Korean Economy (pp. 79-99).
Kohli, H. S., et al. (2011). Asia 2050: Realizing the Asian Century. India: Sage Publishing.
Krueger, A. O. (1983). The effects of trade strategies on growth: Export promotion achieves more than import substitution. Finance & Development, 6-8.
Krueger, A. O. (1985). Import substitution versus export promotion. Finance & Development, 20-23.
Lebdioui, A. (2019). Chile's Export Diversification since 1960: A Free Market Miracle or Mirage? 50, pp. 1624-1663. Development and Change.
Love, J. L. (2005). The Rise and Decline of Economic Structuralism in Latin America: New Dimensions. Latin American Reserach Review, 40(3), 100-125.
Martinez Castillo, A. D. (2017). La intervencion del Estado venezolano en la Economia 1936-2016: alcances y limites. Universidad de los Andes's Economia.
Meller, P. (1992). Review of the Chilean Trade Liberalization and Export Expansion Process (1974-90). The Bangladesh Development Studies, 155-170.
Melo, A. (2001). Industrial Policy in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank.
Miranda Delgado, R. G. (2017). Industrializacion y desindustrializacion en Venezuela. Un analisis historico. Universidad de los Andes 'Ensayos de Economia', 87-101.
Naj, R. M. (2011). Seminar on Asia 2050: Realizing the Asian Century - Rajat M. Nag Speech. Seminar on Asia 2050: Realizing the Asian Century. Asia Development Bank.
National Research Council. (1992). Background: Technology Transfer and Latecomer Catch-up. In U.S.-Japan Strategic Alliances in the Semiconductor Industry: Technology Transfer, Competition, and Public Policy. Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.
Ocampo, J. A., & Tovar, C. (2020). Colombia in the Classical Era of `Inward-Looking Development, 1930-74. In e. a. Cardenas E., An Economic History of 20th Twientieth-Century Latin American Vol. 3 (pp. 239-281). N.Y. New York: PALGRAVE.
Ocampo, Jose Antonio et al. (2000). An Economic HIstory of Twentieth-Century Latin America Volumen 3. Ne York: Palgrave.
OECD. (2019). Regional trade agreements are evolving – why does it matter? Retrieved from OECD: https://www.oecd.org/trade/topics/regional-trade-agreements/.
Oxfam.org. (2021). Brazil: extreme inequality in numbers. Retrieved junio 1, 2021, from https://www.oxfam.org/en/brazil-extreme-inequality-numbers#:~:text=28%20MBrazil%20has%20lifted,10%20percent%20of%20the%20population.&text=Brazil%20is%20decades%20away%20from,population%3B%20around%20100%20million%20people.
Paus, E. (2017). Escaping the Middle-Income Trap: Innovate or Perish. Tokyo: Asiand Development Bank Institute .
Peet, Hardwick, R. (2015). Theories of Development. New York.
Peet, R., & Elaine, H. (2015). Theories of Development: Contentions, Arguments and Alternatives. New York: Guildford Press.
Ramirez et al., W. R. (2008). El Boom de los Commodities. Unidad de Análisis Financiero, Banco Supervielle S.A, 6-10.
Ramirez, H. (2012). El golpe de Estado de 1964 en Brasil desde una perspectiva socio-politica. Pol-His, V(9), 255-266.
Ridings, E. W. (1982). Nationality and Dependency in Late Nineteenth Century Brazil. Journal of Latin American Studies, I(14).
Rojas, J. (2007). El Mercantilismo, Teoría, Politica e Historia.
Sanchez, O. (2003). The rise and fall of the dependency movement: does It inform underdevelopment today? EIAL: Estudios Interdisciplinarios de America Latina y el Caribe, 31-50.
Santos Pinho, C. E. (2020). The responses of the authoritarian national developmentalism to the structural economic crisis (1973-1985). Brazilian Journal of Political Economy , 411-431.
Schenoni, L. L., & Mainwaring, S. (2019). US hegemony and regime change in Latin America. Democratization , 269-287.
Seo, M.-k. (2005). Korea and Japan During the Russo-Japanese War With a Special Focus on the Japanese Occupation Forces in Korea. International Journal of Korean History, 85-109.
Seth, M. J. (2013). An Unpromising Recovery: South Korea's Post-Korean War. Economic Development 1953-1961. Education About Asia, 42-45.
Silajdzic, S., & Mehic, E. (2018). Trade Openess and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Transition Economies by Sabina Silajdzic and Eldin Mehic. In Trade and Global Market. IntechOpen.
Silva, E. (2007). The Import-Substitution Model: Chile in Comparative Perspective. Latin American Perspectives, 67-90.
Submal, F. et al. (2020). The Nexus Between Trade Openness and GDP Growth: Analyzing the Role of Human Capital Accumulation. SAGE OPEN, 1-18.
Suh, J., & Chen, D. H. (2007). Korea as a Knowledge Economy: Evolutionary Process and Lessons Learned. Washington: The World Bank.
Sumbal, Fatima et al. (2020). The Nexus Between Trade Openness and GDP Growth: Analyzing the Role of Human Capital Accumulation. SAGE Open, 1-18.
Takatoshi, A. (1993). Trade and protectionism. Chicago.
Teofilo, E., & Prado Garcia, D. (2003). Brazil: land politics, poverty and rural development. Land Reforms (FAO)(3).
Trapido, P. J. (1984). Venezuela: An Export Market Profile. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
Tyler, W. G. (1977). Dependent Growth and Multinational Firms in Brazil. Iberoamericana – Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, VII(1), 21-36.
Van Hoa, T. (2004). Korea’s Trade, Growth of Trade and the World Economy in Post-Crisis ASEAN+3 Free Trade Agreement: an Econometric and Policy Analysis. The Journal Of The Korean Economy, 73-108.
Varsano, R. (2003). La reforma tributaria en Brasil: el largo proceso en curso. Washington D.C.: Inter-American Development Bank.
Vazquez Maggio, L. (2017). Revisión del modelo de sustitución de importaciones:. Economía Informa(404), 4-17.
Villar, L., & Esguerra, P. (2006). Colombian Foreign Trade in the Twentieth Century. Central Bank of Colombia.
WEF. (2021, 05 18). World Economic Forum. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/05/rcep-world-biggest-trade-deal/
Westreicher, G. (2020, February 21). Economipedia. Retrieved from https://economipedia.com/definiciones/industria-naciente.html.
World Bank. (1987). Trade Policy and Industralization. In W. Bank, & T. W. Bank (Ed.), World Development Report (pp. 78-94). Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
WTO. (2021). Trade Policy Review Korea. Geneva: World Trade Organization.
Yu, P. (1996). Dynamics and Dilemma: Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong in a Changing World. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Jean David de Jesús Adón, María Emilia Álvarez Lezcano
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
A revista se reserva o direito de efetuar, nos originais, alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com o intuito de manter o padrão culto da língua, respeitando, porém, o estilo dos autores;
As opiniões emitidas pelos autores são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade
Os direitos autores para artigos publicadoss nesta são dos autores, com direitos de primeira publicação para a REALIS. Todos o contéudo da revista, com exceção de caos especificamente declarados, é licenciado sob licença Creative Commons CC Atribuição Não Comercial 4.0 Internacional. Devido à política de acesso aberto da Revista, todos os artigos são gratuitos e livres para uso, com atribuição apropriada, para fins educacionais e não-comerciais.
