URBANIZATION AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN OF THE IPOJUCA RIVER – PE, BRAZIL

Abstract

In the Ipojuca river basin with its course covering 25 municipalities, there are droughts and floods that hit urban areas or areas from the earliest days of civilization, either by the natural geography of the rivers or by human action. With the disordered occupation of its area, the process of urban expansion and structuring of the basin area is continuous, growing and disorderly influencing in a certain way the environment, where the lack of urban management policy is notorious in the sense of minimizing the resulting impacts. The objective is to identify the environmental impacts of the hydrographic basin of the ipojuca river - PE, through the processes of urbanization replacing primary activities with secondary and tertiary activities, transforming the city into an urban area to which people, goods, capital and technologies converge. The research is descriptive-explanatory, based on bibliographical surveys, using deductive, analytical, synthesis and dialectical methods. Deforestation of native vegetation has contributed to the high rates of desertification, silting up of rivers, streams, lakes, ponds and contamination of the wells by means of agrochemicals. Disorganized population growth, especially close to water resources, has serious consequences, with great social and environmental damage, which raises the need to manage these areas. It is observed the absence of effective policies, leading to a growing increase in waterborne diseases, causing the suffering of poor populations living with this lack of basic infrastructure. It is concluded that the hydrographic basin of the Ipojuca Riveris very degraded and the best alternative to reverse this situation is to incorporate participatory methodologies that involve the community.