Pluviometria e Balanço Hídrico da Bacia do Rio Paranaíba (Rainfall and Water Balance of Paranaíba River Basin)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20150072Keywords:
Bacia do Rio Paranaíba, Balanço Hídrico Climatológico, Regime de PrecipitaçãoAbstract
A bacia do rio Paranaíba compreende 25,4% da bacia do rio Paraná e está localizada nos estados de Minas Gerais (MG), Goiás (GO), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) e Distrito Federal (DF). As atividades agropecuárias são fundamentais para a economia das unidades políticas com área dentro da bacia. A diversidade altimétrica influencia nos mesoclimas, criando situações específicas que devem ser consideradas no planejamento e gestão do uso dos recursos naturais, especialmente água. Assim, torna-se fundamental o conhecimento mais detalhado das condições climáticas da bacia, particularmente a distribuição espaço-temporal das chuvas e outros elementos do balanço hídrico climatológico. Para tanto, utilizou-se dados diários e mensais de 22 postos pluviométricos da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), elaborando o balanço hídrico conforme Thornthwaite & Matter (1955), com capacidade de campo (CAD) de 100mm. Foi possível conhecer importantes aspectos da climatologia da bacia, especialmente quanto às relações entre precipitação, temperatura, evapotranspiração potencial, deficiência e excedente hídrico, além de identificar especificidades climáticas de localidades interiores àquela unidade hidrográfica.
A B S T R A C T
The Parnaíba River basin comprises 25.4% of the Paraná River basin and is located in the states of Minas Gerais (MG), Goiás (GO), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) and the Distrito Federal (DF). The agricultural activities are fundamental to the economy of the political units with an area within the basin. The altimetry diversity influences in the mesoclimates, creating specific situations that should be considered in the planning and managing of the use of natural resources, especially water. The objective of the research was to understand in more detail the climatic conditions of the basin, particularly the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall and other elements of the climatic water balance. This study used daily and monthly data of 22 pluviometric posts of the Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), elaborating the water balance according Thornthwaite & Matter (1955), with field capacity (CAD) of 100mm. It was possible to know important aspects of the climatology of the basin, especially regarding the relations between precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration potential, water surplus and deficiency, besides identify specificities climatic of locations indoor that hydrographic unit.
Keywords: Paranaíba River Basin; Climatological Hydric Balance; Precipitation Regime.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Mariana Mendes Silva, Vanderlei Oliveira Ferrreira
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