Usos na Bacia Hidrográfica do Paraíba do Sul: considerações acerca da escassez de água, inundações e Área de Preservação Permanente no trecho fluminense
Abstract
Desastres naturais como inundações e movimentos de massa são os danos mais comuns em bacias urbanas no Brasil. Na Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Paraíba do Sul - BHRPS, uma das mais urbanizadas e industrializadas do país, outro fenômeno, vem sendo disseminado: a escassez de água. Discutir usos da Terra na BHRPS e reflexos na escassez de água como mudanças no referencial de determinação de Áreas de Preservação Permanente de faixa marginal, do rio principal, são os objetivos deste trabalho. Para tanto, utiliza-se estudos sobre as tendências hidrológicas desde 1920, o Código Florestal brasileiro de 2012, inventário de vazão e de empreendimentos hidrelétricos e resultados de trabalhos de campo realizados no trecho fluminense da bacia. Por fim, conclui-se que com o uso ‘urbano’ da Terra, as inundações refletem no aumento da vazão em períodos úmidos/ chuvosos e a escassez de água, resulta na alteração do referencial das APPs/ FMPs.
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