Attitudes towards online purchases by low-income consumers who have access to the internet
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51359/2526-7884.2022.251162Keywords:
online purchase attitudes, low-income consumer, online purchase intention, consumer behavior.Abstract
The main objective of this work is to analyze the attitudes and purchase intentions of lowincome consumers with internet access in relation to electronic commerce, by examining their beliefs, motives, and underlying objections and, as a result, their purchase intentions. This exploratory study is qualitative in nature. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with Brazilian low-income consumers. The study indicates that low-income shoppers have an overall negative attitude towards e-commerce and found three variables that are known to be affecting low-income shoppers' attitudes towards the internet, namely: distrust regarding stores policies; negative feelings about e-commerce; and the need for peer approval. This study contributes to the field by applying the traditional ABC Attitude model to analyze online consumption in Brazil. It also furthers our understanding of the variables present in each of the three components of the ABC Attitude model (Affect, Behavior and Cognition) and has detected new variables that emerged from the field research and presents justification and support for them found in the literature by examining what affects these attitudes towards the online market.References
ABEP. (2019). Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa. Recuperado de http://www.abep.org.
Bardin, L. (2011). Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70.
Caplovitz, D. (1964). The Poor Pay More: Consumer Practices of Low-income Families. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.
Caro, A., Mazzon, J. A., Caemmerer, B., & Wessling, M. (2011). Inovatividade, envolvimento, atitude e experiência na adoção da compra on-line. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 51, 568-584.
Casotti, L. (1999). O que é a pesquisa do consumidor? Reflexões geradas a partir de um problema prático - Foz do Iguaçu, Anais do 23° Enanpad.
Chaiklin, Seth. (2011). A zona de desenvolvimento próximo na análise de Vigotski sobre aprendizagem e ensino. Traduzido por Juliana Campregher Pasqualini. Psicologia em Estudo, Maringá, PR, 16(4), 659-675.
Chen, H. S., Liang, C. H., Liao, S. Y., & Kuo, H. Y. (2020). Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions toward Food Delivery Platform Services. Sustainability, 12(23), 10177.
CNDL/SPC (2021). Recuperado de https://site.cndl.org.br/91-dos-internautas-realizaram-compras-pela-internet-nos-ultimos-12-meses-aponta-pesquisa-cndlspc-brasil/, em 2 de novembro de 2021.
Costa Filho, M. C., Falcao, R. P. Q., & Motta, P. C. de M. (2020). Brand loyalty among low-income consumers? Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). 24(2), 260-280.
Cucato, J. D. S. T., Bizarrias, F. S., Strehlau, V. I., & Oliveira, M. C. (2021). Necessidade de toque na intenção de compras on-line. Retail Management Review, 1(1), e3-e3.
Cunningham, L.; Gerlach, J.; Harper, M. & Young, C. (2005). Perceived risk and the consumer buying process: internet airline reservations. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 169(4), 357-372.
Da Costa, P., Almeida, J., Fernandes, J., & Ortega, L. (2021). E-commerce no Brasil: revisão sistemática de literatura de 2011 a 2021. Brazilian Journal of Business, 3(4), 2969-2982, edição especial, ago.
Dakduk, S., Santalla-Banderali, Z., & Siqueira, J. R. (2020). Acceptance of mobile commerce in low-income consumers: evidence from an emerging economy. Heliyon, 6(11).
Dias, J. P. S., & Hemais, M. W. (2015). Consumidores de baixa renda e compras on-line: Receios em consumir pela internet. Revista de Gestão, 22(1), 115-132.
Douglass, R. (1977). Reviewed Work: Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research by Martin Fishbein, Icek Ajzen. Philosophy & Rhetoric, 10(2), 130-132.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes Belmont. California: Wadsworth Group/Thomson Learning.
Ebit/Nielsen, Relatório Webshoppers da 43ª edição. (2021). Disponível em: <https://www.mobiletime.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Webshoppers_43.pdf>. Acesso em novembro de 2021.
Eckert, A., & Milan, G. S. (2016) Principais características dos sites de compras on-line e sua relação com a confiança do consumidor: uma proposição para pesquisas futuras. Espacios, 37(6), 14-33.
Edelman, D. C., & Singer, M. (2015). Competing on Customer Journeys. Harvard Business Review, 88-100.
Eysenck, M.W., & Keane, M.T. (1994). Psicologia cognitiva: Um manual introdutório. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.
Forsythe, S.M., Shi, B. (2003). Consumer patronage and risk perceptions in Internet shopping. J. Bus. Res. 56(11), 867-875.
Gade, C. (1998). Psicologia do consumidor e da propaganda. São Paulo: E.P.U.
Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology and second language acquisition: The role of atitudes and motivation. London: Edward Arnold.
Grewal, D., Noble S. M., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2020). The Future of In-Store Technology. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48 (1), 96-113.
Janavi, E., Soleimani, M., Gholampour, A., Friedrichsen, M., & Ebrahimi, P. (2021). Effect of Social Media Adoption and Media Needs on Online Purchase Behavior: The Moderator Roles of Media Type, Gender, Age. Journal of Information Technology Management, 13(2), 1-24.
Haddock, G., & Maio, G. R. (Eds.). (2004). Contemporary perspectives on the psychology of attitudes. New York: Psychology Press.
Hawkins, D., & Mothersbaugh, D. (2019). Comportamento do Consumidor: construindo a estratégia de marketing. 13ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Hemais, M. W. & Casotti, L. M. (2014). Insatisfações projetadas de consumidores de baixa renda. Revista Pensamento Contemporâneo em Administração, 8(4), 65-84.
Holbrook, M.B; & Gardner, M.P. (2000). Illustrating a Dynamic Model of the Mood–Updating Process in Consumer Behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 17(3), 165-194.
Iglesias, F., & Alfinito, S. (2006). A abordagem multi-metodológica em comportamento do consumidor: dois programas de pesquisa na área de serviços. Revista Psicologia: Organizações & Trabalho (rPOT), 6, 138-165.
Katz, D., & Stotland, E. (1959). A preliminary statement to a theory of attitude structure and change. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of a science (pp. 423-475). New York: McGraw Hill.
Katz, D. (1960). The functional approach to the study of attitudes, Public Opinion Quarterly, 24(2), Summer, 163-204.
Mattoso, C., & Rocha, A. (2008). Building, Losing, and Reconstructing Social Identities: An Investigation on the Symbolic Use of Credit by Poor Consumers in Brazil. Latin American Business Review. Vol.9, n.3/4.
Menegatti, M.S., Ribeiro, I., Menegatti, M.R., & Ribeiro, F. (2017). Decisão de Compras Pela Internet: Uma Análise a Partir do Tempo de Utilização de Mídias Sociais e da Interatividade com a Marca. Brazilian Journal of Marketing - Remark, 16(1), 41-54.
Muzetti, F. T. (2018). Estimando Custos na Base da Pirâmide: Dados Sobre Entregas de Produtos em Favelas Brasileiras (Relatório de Iniciação Científica – Faculdade de Economia e Administração). São Paulo: Insper Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa.
Nakata, C., & Weidner, K. (2012). Enhancing new product adoption at the base of the pyramid: A contextualized model. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29 (1), 21-32.
Ng, S., Kim, H., & Rao A. R. (2015). Sins of Omission versus Commission: Cross-Cultural Differences in Brand-Switching Due to Dissatisfaction Induced by Individual versus Group Action and Inaction. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25 (1), 89-100.
Nogami, V. K. C., Vieira, F. G. D., & Veloso, A. R. (2018). Concept of innovation in low-income market. Review of Business Management, 20(1), 127-149.
Nyer, P. (1997). A study of the relationships between cognitive appraisals and consumption emotions. J. Acad. Mark. Sci., 25(4), 296-304.
Ostrom, T. M. (1969). The relationship between the affective, behavioral, and cognitive components of attitude. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 5(1), 12-30.
Pels J., & Sheth J. N. (2017). Business models to serve low-income consumers in emerging markets. Market. Theor., 17, 373-391.
Peña García, N., Saura, I., Rodríguez-Orejuela, A. & Siqueira, J. (2020). Purchase intention and purchase behavior online: A cross-cultural approach. Heliyon. 6(6), 1-11.
Rosenberg, M. J., & Hovland, C. I. (1960). Cognitive, affective and behavioural components of attitude. In M. J. Rosenberg, C.I. Hovland, W.J. McGuire, R.P. Abelson and J.W. Brehm (Eds.), Attitude organization and change: An analysis of consistency among attitude components (pp.1-14). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Understanding research philosophies and approaches. Research methods for business students, 4, 106-135.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2016). Research methods for business students (7.th ed.). Harlow; New York: Pearson.
Sharma, S., Singh, G., & Pratt, S. (2020). Does consumers’ intention to purchase travel online differ across generations? Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 24.
Sheth, J. N., Mittal, B., & Newman, B. I. (2001). Comportamento do Cliente: indo além do comportamento do consumidor. (Tradução Lenita M. R. Esteves; revisão técnica Rubens da Costa Santos). São Paulo: Atlas.
Silva, M. M., da Silva, J. R. H., Junior, S. M., & Mendes Filho, L. (2020). Comportamento do consumidor e intenção de compra de serviços hoteleiros: influência ao assistir vídeos na internet. Podium, 9(2), 286-307.
Smith, M. B., Bruner, J. S., & White, R. W. (1956). Opinions and personality. New York, NY: Wiley.
Sociedade Brasileira de Varejo e Consumo (2020). Novos Hábitos Digitais na Era Covid-19. Recuperado de http://sbvc.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Release-SBVC-Estudo-Novos-h%C3%A1bitos-digitais-em-tempos-de-Covid-19.pdf.
Solomon, M. R. (2016). O Comportamento do Consumidor. Comprando, possuindo, sendo. (11. ed.). São Paulo: Bookman Editora Ltda.
Soopramanien, D. (2011). Conflicting attitudes and skepticism towards online shopping: the role of experience. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 35(3), 338-347.
Suddaby, R. (2006). What grounded theory is not. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 633-43.
Tarkang, M.E., Alola, U.V., Nange, R.Y. & Ozturen, A. (2020). Investigating the factors that trigger airline industry purchase intention. Current Psychology, 1-12.
Tic Domicílios (2021). Cresce o uso de Internet durante a pandemia e número de usuários no Brasil chega a 152 milhões, é o que aponta pesquisa do Cetic.br. Recuperado de https://cetic.br/pt/noticia/cresce-o-uso-de-internet-durante-a-pandemia-e-numero-de-usuarios-no-brasil-chega-a-152-milhoes-e-o-que-aponta-pesquisa-do-cetic-br/ e https://cetic.br/pt/pesquisa/domicilios/indicadores/.
Zajonc, R. B., & Markus, H. (1982). Affective and cognitive factors in preferences. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 123-131.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Statement
- The authors authorize the publication of the article in the journal.
- The opinions and ideas expressed in articles are the authors' sole responsibility.
- The authors guarantee that the article is not the result of plagiarism. Failure to do so may result in penalties for the situation.
- Editors can adjust the text and formatting to fit the article according to the journal's publication standards.
- The articles published are the property of CBR and are protected by copyright. However, authors can disclose and make their articles available for free.