Micorrizas arbusculares e absorção de fósforo em função da capacidade de fixação de fósforo do solo e da competição com a microbiota
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1062-1079Keywords:
32P, fixação de P no solo, FMA, micélio extrarradicular, absorção hifalAbstract
Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) se associam às raízes das plantas e incrementam a absorção de fósforo (P), macronutriente com baixa mobilidade no solo. A capacidade de fixação de P do solo e a competição com a biota heterotrófica afetam sua disponibilidade para plantas. Visando avaliar a contribuição dos FMA na absorção de P em solos com capacidade crescente de fixação ou em situação de competição com a biota foram realizados experimentos em vasos compartimentalizados cultivados com braquiária associada a FMA, contendo substrato marcado com 32P. Foram quantificadas a massa seca das plantas, o conteúdo e a atividade específica do P. No experimento 1 avaliou-se a absorção de P por raízes e hifas de FMA ou somente por hifas em solos com alta, média e baixa capacidade fixação de P. No experimento 2 avaliou-se a absorção de P por raízes e hifas de FMA ou somente por hifas em solos com alta e baixa capacidade fixação de P em situação de competição com a biota do solo ativada por fontes de carbono. O aumento da capacidade de fixação de P pelo solo resultou em diminuição de massa seca, conteúdo de P e atividade específica nas plantas. No solo com alta fixação de P, plantas com absorção exclusiva por hifas de FMA tiveram aumento da massa seca e conteúdo de P. Em situação de competição, houve diminuição na massa seca e no conteúdo de P nas plantas. Plantas com absorção por raízes e hifas de FMA tiveram maior atividade específica de P.
Arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphorus uptake in soils as a function of adsorption capacity and competition with microbiota
A B S T R A C T
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are associated with plant roots and increase the absorption of phosphorus (P), macronutrient with low soil mobility. Soil P fixation capacity and competition with heterotrophic biota affect its availability. To evaluate the contribution of AMF to P uptake in soils with increasing fixation capacity or in competition with biota, experiments were carried out in compartmentalized pots cultivated with AMF-associated Brachiaria decumbens containing 32P-labeled substrate. Plant dry mass, content and specific activity of P. were quantified. In experiment 1, the absorption of P by roots and hyphae of AMF or only by hyphae in soils with high, medium and low P. fixation capacity was evaluated. In experiment 2, the absorption of P by roots and hyphae of AMF or only by hyphae in soils with high and low P fixation capacity in competition with carbon-activated soil biota was evaluated. Increasing P fixation capacity by soil resulted in decreased dry matter, P content and specific activity in plants. In soil with high P fixation, plants with exclusive absorption by FMA hyphae had increased dry matter and P content. In a competition situation, there was a decrease in dry matter and P content in plants. Plants absorbed by roots and hyphae of AMF had higher P-specific activity.
Keywords: 32P, P-soil fixing, AMF, extraradical mycelium, hyphal absorption
Downloads
References
Azcón-Aguilar, C., Barea, J. M., 2015. Nutrient cycling in the mycorrhizosphere, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 25 (2) 372-396.
Bolan, N. S., Robson, A. D., Barrow, N. J., Aylmore, L. A. G., 1984. Specific activity of phosphorus in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants in relation to the availability of phosphorus to plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 16 (4), 299-304.
Bever, J. D., 2015. Preferential allocation, physio-evolutionary feedbacks, and the stability and environmental patterns of mutualism between plants and their root symbionts. New Phytologist 205, 1503–1514.
Cardoso, E. J. B. N., Nogueira M. A., Zangaro W., 2017. Importance of mycorrhizae in tropical soils. In: Azevedo, J., Quecine, M. (eds) Diversity and benefits of microorganisms from the tropics. Springer: Cham.
Christian, N., Bever, J. D., 2018. Carbon allocation and competition maintain variation in plant root mutualisms. Ecology and Evolution 8, 5792-5800.
Fardeau, J. C., Diatta, S., Ndiaye, J.P., Jappe, J., 1983. Selection of the most suitable phosphorus fertilization in some soils of Senegal: use of P-32. Agronomie Tropicale 38 (2), 103-109.
Hu, J., Li, M., Liu, H., Zhao, Q., Lin, X., 2019. Intercropping with sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa Bonaf.) expands P acquisition channels of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) via arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal networks. Journal of Soils and Sediments 19 (4), 1632–1639.
Jakobsen, I., Hammer, E. C., 2015. Nutrient dynamics in arbuscular mycorrhizal networks. In: Horton, T. R. (ed.) Mycorrhizal networks: ecological studies. Springer: Dordrecht, p. 91–132.
Jesus, K. N., Albuquerque, E. R. G. M., Sampaio, E. V. S. B., Sales, A., 2019. Estoques de carbono em solos de Pernambuco, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12 (3), 714-721.
Jansa, J., Forczek, S., Rozmoš, M., Püschel, D., Bukovská, P., Hršelová, H., 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhiza and soil organic nitrogen: network of players and interactions. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture 6 (1), 10.
Ji, B., Bever, J. D., 2016. Plant preferential allocation and fungal reward decline with soil phosphorus: implications for mycorrhizal mutualism. Ecosphere 7, 1–11.
Johnson, N. C., O'dell, T. E., Bledsoe, C. S., 1999. Methods for ecological studies of mycorrhizae. In: Robertson, G. P., Coleman, D. C., Bledsoe, C. S., Sollins, P. (Eds.) Standard soil methods for long-term ecological research. Oxford University Press: New York, p. 378–412.
Jorhi, A. K., Oelmüller, R., Dua, M., Yadav, V., Kumar, M., Tuteja, N., Varma, A., Bonfante, P. Persson, B. L., Stroud, R. M., 2015. Fungal association and utilization of phosphate by plants: success, limitations, and future prospects. Frontiers in Microbiology 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00984
Kaiser, C., Kilburn, M. R., Clode, P. L., Fuchslueger, L., Koranda, M., Cliff, J. B., Solaiman, Z. M., Murphy, D. V., 2015. Exploring the transfer of recent plant photosynthates to soil microbes: mycorrhizal pathway vs direct root exudation. New Phytologist 205,1537–1551.
Kochian, L. V., 2012. Rooting for more phosphorus. Nature 488, 466–467.
Mackay, J. E., Cavagnaro, T. R., Stöver, D. S. M., Macdonald., L. M., Grønlund, M., Jakobsen, I., 2017. A key role for arbuscular mycorrhiza in plant acquisition of P from sewage sludge recycled to soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 115, 11-20.
Malavolta, E., Vitti, G. C., Oliveira, S. A., 1997. Avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas: princípios e aplicações. 2 ed. Piracicaba: Potafos.
Mishra, V., Gupta, A., Kaur, P., Singh, S., Singh, N., Gehlot, P., Singh, J., 2016. Synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in bioremediation of iron contaminated soils. Journal International Journal of Phytoremediation 18 (7), 697-703.
Qiao, X., Bei, S., Li, C., Dong, Y, Li, H., Christie, P , Zhang, F., Zhang, J., 2015. Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat. Scientific Reports 5, 8122.
Qin, Y., Duan, G., Zhao, Z., Tian, H., Solaiman Z. M., 2018. 18O-labeled phosphate applied to soil appears in the shoots of maize after uptake by roots but not after uptake by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Mycorrhiza 28,787–793.
Rosswall, T., 1982. Microbiological regulation of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Plant and Soil 67, 15-34.
Sainz, M. J., Arines, J., 1988. P absorbed from soil by mycorrhizal red clover plants as affected by soluble P fertilization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 20 (1), 61-67.
Salcedo, I. H., Bertino, F., Sampaio, E. V. S. B. 1990. Reactivity of phosphorus in northeastern brazilian soils assessed by isotopic dilution. Soil Science Society of American Journal 55, 140-145.
Sampaio, E. V. S. B., Araújo, M. S. B., Salcedo, I. H., Menezes, R. S. C. 2009. Agricultura sustentável no semi-árido nordestino. Recife: Editora Universitária UFPE.
Santos, H. C., Oliveira, F. H. T., Souza, A. P., Salcedo, I. H., Silva, V. D. M., 2016. Disponibilidade de fósforo em função do seu tempo de contato com diferentes solos. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 20 (11), 996-1001.
Scrase, F. L., Sinclair, J. F., Farrar, P. S., Pavinato, F. M., Jones, D. L., 2019. Mycorrhizas improve the absorption of non-available phosphorus by the green manure Tithonia diversifolia in poor soils. Rhizosphere 9, 27-33.
Silva, V. M., Brito, F. A. E., Ramos, K. A., Silva, R. M., Martins, C. M., Martins, S. C. S., 2015. Atividade enzimática de actinobactérias do semiárido. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 8, IV SMUD, 560-572.
Svenningsen, N. B., Watts-Williams, S. J., Joner, E. J., Battini, F., Efthymiou, A., Cruz-Paredes, C., Nybro, O., Jakobsen, I., 2018. Suppression of the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by the soil microbiota. The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology 12, 1296–1307.
Teixeira, P. C., Donagemma, G. K., Fontana, A. Teixeira, W. G., 2017. Manual de métodos de análises de solos. 3 ed. Embrapa: Brasília, DF.
Tran, S. T., Fardeau, J. C., Giroux, M., 1988. Effects of soil properties on plant-available phosphorus determined by the isotopic dilution phosphorus-32 method. Soil Science Society of American Journal 52, 1383-1390.
van de Wiel, C. C. M., van der Linden, C. G., Scholten, O. E., 2016. Improving phosphorus use efficiency in agriculture: opportunities for breeding. Euphytica 207: 1-22.
Zou, Y., Zhang, D., Liu, C., Wu, Q., 2019. Relationships between mycorrhizae and root hairs. Pakistan Journal of Botany 51 (2), 727-733.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Brazilian Journal of Physical Geography
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to make their work available online before or during the editorial process, on academic social networks, digital repositories, or preprint servers. After publication in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, authors are expected to update the preprint or postprint versions on the platforms where they were originally made available, providing a link to the final published version and any other relevant information, with proper recognition of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
