Purificação Simplificada do Rejeito de Glicerina Bruta da Produção de Biodiesel da Biorrefinaria Berso-UFPE: Uma Prática Sustentável
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v15.5.p2226-2237Keywords:
Biodiesel. Biocombustível, Glicerol, Purificação, Desenvolvimento sustentávelAbstract
A Biorrefinaria Experimental de Resíduos Sólidos Orgânicos (BERSO) do Departamento de Energia Nuclear da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) produz biodiesel a partir de rejeitos de óleos e gorduras de cozinha produzidos na própria Universidade. Esse tipo de produção do biodiesel aparece como uma alternativa para a produção do biocombustível a partir de utilização de rejeitos. Entretanto, essa produção de biodiesel gera um subproduto, a glicerina bruta, em quantidade aproximada de 10% por litro do biocombustível obtido. Essa alta produção de resíduos traz problemas ambientais se a glicerina bruta for descartada no ambiente sem os devidos cuidados. Entretanto, o aproveitamento desse resíduo exige intensa purificação prévia, que acaba onerando o processo. Neste trabalho, é apresentado um processo simplificado de purificação da glicerina bruta que permitiu aumentar o teor de glicerol inicial, melhorando a viabilidade do processo de purificação. Desta maneira, o reaproveitamento tem o intuito de corroborar com a consolidação do processo sustentável para obtenção do biocombustível pela BERSO fazendo uso do subproduto obtido, o glicerol, que através de um processo de purificação e refinamento da fase bruta gera-se matéria-prima com teor de pureza acima de 80%.
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel. Biocombustível. Glicerol. Purificação. Desenvolvimento sustentável.
Simple Purification Process of Waste Glycerol from Berso-Ufpe Biorefinary Biodiesel Production: A Sustainable Practice
A B S T R A C T
Experimental Biorefinery of Solid Organic Waste (BERSO) of Nuclear Energy Department of Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) produces biodiesel from waste of oils and fats produced at University. This type of biodiesel production appears as an alternative for the production of biofuel from the use of waste. However, this biodiesel production generates a by-product, crude glycerin, in an approximate amount of 10% per liter of the biofuel obtained. This high production of waste brings environmental problems if crude glycerin is discarded into the environment without due care. However, the use of this residue requires intense prior purification, which ends up burdening the process. In this work,a simplified process of purification of crude glycerin is presented, which allowed to increase the initial glycerol content, improving the viability of the purification process. In this way, the reuse is intended to corroborate the consolidation of the sustainable process for obtaining biofuel by BERSO making use of the by-product obtained, glycerol, which through a process of purification and refinement of the crude phase generates raw material with purity content above 80%.
Keywords: Biodiesel. Biofuel. Glycerol. Purification. Sustainable Development.
Downloads
References
Adeniyi, A.G., Ighalo, J.O., 2019. A review of steam reforming of glycerol. Chemical Papers, 73, 2619–2635.
Almazrouei, A., El Samada, T., Janajreh, I., 2017. Thermogravimetric Kinetics and High Fidelity Analysis of Crude Glycerol. Energy Procedia, 142, 1699-1705.
Amala, F., Nugroho, R., Lestari, S., 2022. The Effect of Glycerin Application on The Surface of Microhybrid Composite Resin to Its Compressive Strength with Immersed in Pure Coffee Solution. Journal of Indonesian Dental Association, 5, 15-19.
Ardi, M.S., Aroua, M.K., Awanis Hashim, N., 2015. Progress, prospect and challenges in glycerol purification process: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42, 1164-1173.
Aroua, MK, Cognet, P., 2020. Editorial: From Glycerol to Value-Added Products. Frontiers in Chemistry, 8, 69.
Ayoub, M., Inayat, A., Hailegiorgis, S.M., Bhat, A.H., 2016. Synthesis of alumina based alkaline catalyst for biodiesel-derived glycerol to polyglycerol. Advanced Materials Research, 1133, 33-37.
Barrios, C.C., Álvarez-Mateos, P., Urueña, A., Díez, D., García-Martín, J.F., 2021. Experimental Investigation on Emissions Characteristics from Urban Bus Fueled with Diesel, Biodiesel and an Oxygenated Additive from Residual Glycerin from Biodiesel Production. Processes, 9, 987.
Bhatia, S.K., Bhatia, R.K., Jeon, J., Pugazhendhi, A., Awasthi, M., Kumar, D., Kumar, G., Yoon, J., Yang, J., 2021. An overview on advancements in biobased transesterification methods for biodiesel production: Oil resources, extraction, biocatalysts, and process intensification technologies. Fuel, 285, 119117.
Bialik-Wąs, K., Pluta, K., Malina, D., Barczewski, M., Malarz, K., Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz, A., 2021. The Effect of Glycerin Content in Sodium Alginate/Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogels for Wound Dressing Application. International Journal of Molecular Science, 22, 12022.
Bilck, A.P., Müller, C.M.O., Olivato ,J.B., Mali S., Grossmann M.V.E., Yamashita F., 2015. Using glycerol produced from biodiesel as a plasticiser in extruded biodegradable films. Polímeros, 25, 331-335.
Chiosso, M.E., Casella, M.L., Merlo, A.B., 2020. Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of acidic carbons in the etherification of glycerol obtained from biodiesel production. Catalysis Today.
Chong, C.C., Aqsha, A., Ayoub, M., Sajid, M., Abdullah, A.Z., Yusup, S., Abdullah, B., 2020. A review over the role of catalysts for selective short-chain polyglycerol production from biodiesel derived waste glycerol. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 19, 100859.
Chol, C.G., Dhabhai, R., Dalai, A.K., Reaney, M., 2018. Purification of crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production process: Experimental studies and techno-economic analyses. Fuel Processing Technology, 178, 78-87.
Chozhavendhan, S., Karthiga Devi, G., Bharathiraja, B., Praveen Kumar, R., Elavazhagan, S., 2020. 9 - Assessment of crude glycerol utilization for sustainable development of biorefineries. Academic Press, 195-212.
Chozhavendhan, S., Kumar, K.P., Sable, P., Subbaiya, R., Devi, G.K., Vinoth, S., 2019. Substantial Purification of Waste Glycerol - A Byproduct of Biofuel Industry its Product Characterization. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 12(2), 649-652.
Foo, T.M., Kim, T.P., Ng, S.C., 2022. A new conceptual process design and economic analysis of a fatty acids and glycerine production plant using palm oil. Chemical Papers, 76, 3471–3483.
Gabhane, J., Kumar, S., Sarma, A.K., 2020. Effect of glycerol thermal and hydrothermal pretreatments on lignin degradation and enzymatic hydrolysis in paddy straw. Renewable Energy, 154, 1304-1313.
Gonçalves, D., Bozzi Barbeiro, L., Tonon de Souza, P., 2022. Thermal stability of glycerol containing compounds from the biodiesel production chain. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.
Jariah, N.F., Hassan, M.A., Taufiq-Yap, Y.H., Roslan, A.M., 2021. Technological Advancement for Efficiency Enhancement of Biodiesel and Residual Glycerol Refining: A Mini Review. Processes, 9, 1198.
Juchen, P.T., Barcelos, K.M., Oliveira, K., Ruotolo, L., 2022. Using crude residual glycerol as precursor of sustainable activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization desalination. Chemical Engineering Journal, 429, 132209.
Khok, Y.T., Ooi, C.H., Matsumoto, A., 2020. Reactivation of spent activated carbon for glycerine purification. Adsorption, 26, 1015–1025.
Kumar, L.R., Yellapu, S.K., Tyagi, R.D., Drogui, P., 2020. Purified crude glycerol by acid treatment allows to improve lipid productivity by Yarrowia lipolytica SKY7. Process Biochemistry, 96, 165-173.
Ladero, M., 2021. New Glycerol Upgrading Processes. Catalysts, 11, 103.
Lopes, A.P., Canesin, E.A., Suzuki, R.M., Tonin, L.T.D., Palioto, G.F., Seixas, F.L., 2014. Purificação de Glicerina Residual Obtida na Produção de Biodiesel a Partir de Óleos Residuais. Revista Virtual de Química, 6, 1564-1582.
Mathew, G.M., Raina, D., Narisetty, V., Kumar, V., Saran, S., Pugazhendi, A., Sindhu, R., Pandey, A., Binod, P., 2021. Recent advances in biodiesel production: Challenges and solutions. Science of The Total Environment, 794, 148751.
Mardianti, F.T., Sukaton, S., Sampoerno, G., 2021. Benefit of Glycerine on Surface Hardness of Hybrid & Nanofill Resin Composite. Conservative Dentistry Journal, 11, 28–31.
Maquirriain, M.A., Neyertz, C.A., Querini, C.A., 2022. Crude glycerine purification by solvent extraction. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 39, 235–249.
Mena-Cervantes, V.Y., Hernández-Altamirano, R., Tiscareño-Ferrer, A., 2019. Development of a green one-step neutralization process for valorization of crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 28500-28509.
Monteiro, M.R., Kugelmeier, C.L., Pinheiro, R.S., Batalha, M.O., César, A.S., 2018. Glycerol from biodiesel production: Technological paths for sustainability. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 88, 109-122.
Mahlia, T.M.I., Syazmi, Z.A.H.S., Mofijur, M., Abas, A.E., Bilad, M.R., Ong, H.C., Silitonga, A.S., 2020. Patent landscape review on biodiesel production: Technology updates. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 118, 109526.
Nasir, N.F., Mirus, M.F., Ismail, M., 2017. Purification of crude glycerol from transesterification reaction of palm oil using direct method and multistep method. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 243, 012015.
Nezhad, M.K., Aghaei, H., 2021. Tosylated cloisite as a new heterofunctional carrier for covalent immobilization of lipase and its utilization for production of biodiesel from waste frying oil. Renewable Energy, 164, 876-888.
Nomanbhay, S., Ong, M.Y., Chew, K.W., Show, P.L., Lam, M.K., Chen, W.H., 2020. Organic Carbonate Production Utilizing Crude Glycerol Derived as By-Product of Biodiesel Production: A Review. Energies,13, 1483.
Nordin, N., Othman, S., Rashid, S., Basha, R., 2020. Effects of glycerol and thymol on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of corn starch films. Food Hydrocolloids, 106, 105884.
Oliveira, M., Ramos, A., Monteiro, E., Rouboa, A., 2022. Improvement of the Crude Glycerol Purification Process Derived from Biodiesel Production Waste Sources through Computational Modeling. Sustainability, 14, 1747.
Sander A., Koscak, M.A., Kosir, D., Milosavljevic, N., Vukovi, J.P., Magi, L., 2018. The influence of animal fat type and purification conditions on biodiesel quality. Renewable Energy, 118, 752-760.
Soares Dias, A.P., Gomes Fonseca, F., Catarino, M., Gomes, J., 2022. Biodiesel Glycerin Valorization into Oxygenated Fuel Additives. Catalysis Letters, 152, 513–522.
Striūgas, N., Skvorčinskienė, R., Paulauskas, R., Zakarauskas, K., Vorotinskienė, L., 2017. Evaluation of straw with absorbed glycerol thermal degradation during pyrolysis and combustion by TG-FTIR and TG-GC/MS. Fuel, 204, 227-235.
Tarique, J., Sapuan, S.M., Khalina, A., 2021. Effect of glycerol plasticizer loading on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) starch biopolymers. Scientific Reports, 11, 13900.
Teoh, W.P., Chee, S.Y., Habib, N.Z., Bashir, M., Chok, V., Aun Ng, C., 2021. Chemical investigation and process optimization of glycerine pitch in the green production of roofing tiles. Journal of Building Engineering, 43, 102869.
Thilakarathne, D., Viraj Miyuranga, K.A., Arachchige, U., Weerasekara, N., Jayasinghe, R., 2021. Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil in Laboratory Scale: A Review. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Science, 5, 28-34.
Trzebiatowska, P.J., Dzierbicka, A., Kaminska, N., Datta, J., 2018. The influence of different glycerine purities on chemical recycling process of polyurethane waste and resulting semi-products Polymer International, 67, 1368-1377.
Vaidya, G., Nalla, B.T., Sharma, D.K., Thangaraja, J., Devarajan, Y., Ponnappan, V., 2022. Production of biodiesel from phoenix sylvestris oil: Process optimisation technique. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 26,100636.
Velloso, M., Peruch, K., 2021. Estudo comparativo entre o bagaço da cana de açúcar e fibra de coco verde na purificação da glicerina obtida da síntese de biodiesel. Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering, 7, 01–15.
Yaashikaa, P.R., Senthil Kumar, P., Karishma, S., 2022. Bio-derived catalysts for production of biodiesel: A review on feedstock, oil extraction methodologies, reactors and lifecycle assessment of biodiesel. Fuel, 316, 123379.
Yanovych, V., Žitek, P., Hashemi-Dezaki, |H., Polievoda, Y., 2021. Effect of vibration on the rheological properties of glycerin during its purification. Journal of Vibroengineering, 23, 1095–1108.
Zahid, I., Ayoub, M., Abdullah, B.B., Nazir, M.H., Ameen, M., Zulqarnain, Yusoff, M.H., Inayat, A., Danish, M., 2020. Production of Fuel Additive Solketal via Catalytic Conversion of Biodiesel-Derived Glycerol. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 59, 290961-20978.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Physical Geography
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to make their work available online before or during the editorial process, on academic social networks, digital repositories, or preprint servers. After publication in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, authors are expected to update the preprint or postprint versions on the platforms where they were originally made available, providing a link to the final published version and any other relevant information, with proper recognition of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
