Identificação e modelagem do risco de fatores químicos e físicos à incidência da fusariose do maracujazeiro na Bahia (Identification and modeling of the risk of chemical and physical factors to the incidence of fusarium wilt of passionflower in Bahia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20160079Keywords:
Murcha de fusário, passiflora, pHAbstract
A fusariose do maracujá é uma doença causada por um fungo de solo, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP), seu sintoma típico é a murcha. A Bahia é o principal produtor da fruta, porém a produção está sendo comprometida devido a esse problema fitossanitário. Os nutrientes podem aumentar ou diminuir a resistência das plantas a patógenos. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar e quantificar a relação de risco entre fatores abióticos do solo e a incidência de fusariose do maracujá em plantios no estado da Bahia. Ao todo foram coletadas 50 amostras de solo, na profundidade de 0-20 cm. As análises químicas determinaram os valores de pH, macro e micronutrientes, e a classificação textural através de análise granulométrica. Constatou-se predominância de solos alcalinos. Em relação à classe textural, a franco arenoso foi verificada em 60% das amostras. Os dados de incidência em plantas se correlacionaram positivamente com pH, V e areia muito fina, já os valores de H+ Al, Fe e silte se correlacionaram negativamente. Para incidência em covas, pH, V, Mn/Fe e areia muito fina apresentaram correlação positiva, e H+ Al, Fe e silte se correlacionaram de forma negativa. De maneira geral, os elementos que se correlacionaram positivamente e negativamente com as incidências, podem indicar conducividade e supressividade à doença, respectivamente. Alta incidência da doença foi associada a teores de areia muito fina acimas de 104 g/kg de solo. As variáveis, irrigação e classificação textural não apresentaram diferença significativa (p<0,05).
A B S T R A C T
The passion fruit scab is a disease caused by a soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP), its typical symptom is wilting. Bahia is the largest producer of the fruit, but the production is being compromised because of this pest problem. Nutrients can increase or decrease the resistance of plants to pathogens. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and quantify the risk relationship between abiotic factors of soil and the incidence of fusarium passion fruit plantations in the state of Bahia. Altogether they were collected 50 soil samples at a depth of 0-20 cm. Chemical analysis determined the pH, macro and micronutrients, and texture classification using the sieve analysis. There is a predominance of alkaline soils. Regarding the texture class, the sandy loam was observed in 60% of samples. The incidence data on plants were positively correlated with pH, V and very fine sand, since the H + Al values, Fe and silt were negatively correlated. For incidence in pits, pH, V, Mn / Fe and fine sand were positively correlated, and H + Al, Fe and silt correlated negatively. In general, the elements that positively and negatively correlated with the incidence may indicate conduciveness and supressiveness the disease, respectively. High incidence of the disease was associated with very fine sand content acimas 104 g / kg soil. The variables, irrigation and textural classification showed no significant difference (p <0.05).
Keywords: fusarium wilt, passionflower, pH, sand
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Copyright (c) 2016 Giselle Souza Pinheiro, Ludmilla Ferreira Cajuhi, Ângelo Lima de Souza Guimarães, Raul Castro Carrielo Rosa, Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira

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