Community Health Workers’ care praxis
a scoping review with implications for health
Schlagworte:
primary health care, community health workers, human rights, health practice, genderAbstract
Introduction: 71.5% of the Brazilian population depends on the Unified Health System (SUS), constitutionally guaranteed in 1988. 100% of the population benefits from the SUS (vaccination, sanitation, ANVISA, the pharmacy etc.). Since its implementation, it has been scrapped by neoliberal forces. Between 2016 and 2022, the dismantling intensified, affecting users, workers, and managers. The perspective of Community Health Workers (CHWs), as they live in the territories, can reveal challenges and possibilities, relating to the most affected population. Objective: map studies and critically analyze the effects of budget cuts. Methods: scoping review. Data source: search carried out on July 12, 2024, including 23 studies. Results/Discussion: two axes: 1) the challenges that affect care and 2) collective-emancipatory practices improve rights. Conclusion: the multi-professional care team, based on the principles of the SUS and continuing education, in an emic-ethical-political and democratic approach strengthens the Family Health Strategy (ESF), the SUS, and human rights.
Literaturhinweise
ABREU, K. P. de; KOHLRAUSCH, E. R.; SILVA LIMA, M. A. D. da. 2008. Caring for users with suicidal behavior: the view of Community Health Workers: a qualitative study. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, vol 7(3). [Included in the scoping review]
AKERMAN, M. Saúde e desenvolvimento local. 2005. São Paulo: Hucitec.
ARAÚJO, A. B. 2018. From the ethics of care to intersectionality: paths and challenges for understanding care work. Mediações, vol 23(3):43-69.
ARBOIT, J. et al. 2018. Domestic violence against rural women: care practices developed by community health workers. Health and Society Journal, vol 27(2):506-517. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-12902018169293. [Included in the scoping review]
ARKSEY, H.; O’MALLEY, L. 2005. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol 8(1):19-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616.
ASSIS, A. S. de; CASTRO-SILVA, C. R. 2018. Community health agents and the elderly: home visits and care practices. Physis., vol 28(3):e280308. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312018280308. [Included in the scoping review]
BACHILLI, R. G.; SCAVASSA, A. J.; SPIRI, W. C. 2008. The identity of the community health agent: a phenomenological approach. Collective Health Science, vol 13(1):51-60. [Included in the scoping review]
BARALLAS, M. 2008. The community health worker: representations and difficulties concerning the daily practice of care. [Dissertation]. Botucatu: Paulista State University, Faculty of Medicine in Botucatu. 152 p. [Included in the scoping review]
BELLAS, H. C. et al. 2022. Resilient performance of primary care longitudinality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in vulnerable territories in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Saúde Debate, vol 46(n. esp. 8):75-88.
BRADBURY-JONES, C. et al. 2021. Scoping reviews: The PAGER framework for improving the quality of reporting. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2021.1899596.
BRAZIL. 2012. Ministry of Health, Secretary of Health Care, Department of Basic Care. National Policy for Primary Care [Internet]. Brasília: Ministry of Health. (http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf).
BRAZIL. 2017. Ministry of Health, Office of the Ministry. Ordinance n. 2.436 of September 21, 2017. Approves the National Policy for Primary Care, establishing the review of guidelines for the organization of Primary Care, under the Unified Health System (SUS). Brasília: Federative Republic of Brazil.
CAMILO, C. et al. 2021. Care in a territory of social exclusion: covid-19 exposes colonial marks. Saúde Soc., vol 30(2):1-11, e210023.
CAMILO, C. et al. Cuidado em território de vulnerabilizado e a covid-19: interseccionalidade e dinâmica êmica na ética do cuidado. Cadernos Pagu, Campinas, 69, e236911, 2023.
CAMILO, C. (2024). Cuidado Decolonial. COVID-19 em territórios vulnerabilizados com organizações de mulheres empobrecidas, racializadas, potentes e as relações entre o êmico, o ético e o político: revisão de escopo e metassíntese qualitativa. (Tese de Doutorado, repositório Unifesp).
CAMPOS, G. W. S. 2018. SUS: what and how to do? Journal of Collective Health Science, vol 23(6):1707-14. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018236.05582018. [Included in the scoping review]
CHUENGUE, A. P. G; FRANCO, T. B. 2018. Recognizing and dealing with bioethics by community health workers: between ethics of care and disciplinary powers. Physis., vol 28(4):e280423. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312018280423. [Included in the scoping review]
COELHO, J. G; VASCONCELLOS, D. E. C. de. 2018. The formation of community health agents: construction from the encounter of the subjects. Journal Work Education Health, vol 16(2):583-604. [Included in the scoping review]
COLLINS, P. H. 1991. Black feminist thought. Knowledge, consciousness, and politics empowerment. New York, NY: Routledge.
COREN-MG. Wage floor. (https://www.corenmg.gov.br/piso-salarial/, July 2023.
DAVID, E. C. Aquilombamento da Saúde Mental. 2023. São Paulo: Hucitec.
FERREIRA, M et al. 2019. Protagonism of community health workers in combating smoking. Journal of Nursing UFPE Online, vol 13(2):371-77. [Included in the scoping review]
GARBIN, C. A. S. et al. 2019. Care for people with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of community health workers. Journal of Work Education and Health, vol 17(1):e0018508. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00185. [Included in the scoping review.
GONZALEZ, L. 2020. “Toward an Afro-Latin American feminism”. In: RIOS, F; LIMA, M. (org.). Towards an Afro-Latin American feminism: essays, interventions, and dialogues. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Publisher.
GUIMARÃES, N. A.; HIRATA, H. 2021. Care and Care Workers. A Latin American Perspective. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
HESLER, L. Z. et al. 2013. Violence against women from the perspective of community health workers. Journal Gaucha Nursing, vol 34(1):180-186. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1983-14472013000100023. [Included in the scoping review]
HOLLOWAY, J. 2016. Against, and beyond capitalism. The San Francisco Lectures: PM Press.
HOOKS, B. 2000. Feminism is for everybody. Cambridge: South End Press.
JESUS, A. S. de et al. 2014. Community health workers: users’ knowledge. Journal of Nursing UERJ, vol 22(2):239-44. [Included in the scoping review]
KEBIAN, L. V. A; OLIVEIRA, A. S. de. 2015. Care practices of nurses and community health workers of the family health strategy. Journal of Health Care Science, vol 14(1):893-1000. [Included in the scoping review]
KELLER, J; KITTAY, E. F. (ed.). 2017. The Routledge Companion to Feminist Philosophy. Abingdon (UK): Routledge.
KUHNEN, T. A. 2014. The ethics of care as feminist theory. In: Annals of the III Symposium Gender and Public Policy, State University of Londrina, May 27-29.
LANZONI, G. M. de et al. 2013. Context of the community health worker’s network relationships and interactions. Cogitare Nursing Journal, vol 18(3):439-45. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v18i3.33552. [Included in the scoping review]
LANZONI, G. M. de; CECHINEL, C.; MEIRELLES, B. H. S. 2014. Community health worker strategies and consequences of their network of relationships and interactions. Rene Journal, vol 15(1):1-9. [Included in the scoping review]
LARA, L. O.; BRITO, M. J. M.; REZENDE, L. C. Cultural aspects of the practices of Community Health Agents in rural areas. 2012. Nursing School Journal, vol 46(3):673-680. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0080-62342012000300020. [Included in the scoping review]
MAGALHÃES, K. A. 2015. Aging and care: an anthropological approach focused on the view of community health agents. [Thesis]. Belo Horizonte: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, René Rachou Research Center, Graduate Program in Health Sciences. 74 p. [Included in the scoping review]
MAIA, M. S. (org.). 2009. Por uma ética do cuidado. Rio de Janeiro: Garamond.
MBEMBE, A. 2016. Necropolitics. Journal of the PPGAV/EBA/UFRJ, vol 32:123-151.
MENDONÇA, M. K. 2008. Excuse me, may I come in? Home visits in community health agent and family health programs and integrality. [Thesis]. São Paulo: USP. 380 p. Included in the scoping review]
MINAYO, M. 2014. Challenge of knowledge: qualitative health research. 14th. São Paulo: Hucitec.
MISKOLCI, R.; PEREIRA, P. P. G. 2019. Educação e saúde em disputa: movimentos anti-igualitários e políticas públicas. Interface (Online), vol 23:1-12.
MOTA, F. F.; TRONTO, J. C. 2015. Caring democracy: markets, equality, and justice. Brazilian Journal of Political Science, (18):317-22.
MOURA, R. F. S. de; SILVA, C. R. C. 2015. Affectivity and its meanings in the work of the community health worker. Physis., vol 25(3):993-1010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-73312015000300016. [Included in the scoping review]
NARVAI, P. C. 2022. SUS: uma reforma revolucionária. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica.
OLIVEIRA CECÍLIO, L. C. de; REIS, A. C. dos. 2018. Notes on the (still) current challenges of primary health care. Public Health Journal, vol 34(8):e00056917. DOI: 10.1590/0102-311X00056917. [Included in the scoping review]
PAIM, J. S.; ALMEIDA-FILHO, N. (org.). 2014. Saúde coletiva: teoria e prática. Rio de Janeiro: Medbook Editora Científica.
PALÁCIOS, M. (org.). 2019. Bioética, saúde e sociedade. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Fiocruz.
PARREÑAS, R. S. 2001. Servants of globalization: women, migration, and domestic work. California: Stanford University Press.
PASSOS, R. G. 2023. Na mira do fuzil. A saúde mental das mulheres negras em questão. São Paulo: Hucitec.
PINTASILGO, M. L. et al. 1998. Caring for the future: a radical program for better living. Lisbon: Trinova Publisher.
RIBEIRO, B. S. et al. 2021. Vivências de agentes comunitários de saúde no cuidado da pessoa consumidora de drogas. Av. Enferm., vol 39(3):299-308. DOI: http://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v39n3.86716. [Included in the scoping review]
SANTOS, M. A natureza do espaço. 1997. São Paulo: Hucitec.
SEOANE, A. F.; FORTES, P. A. C. 2009. Family Health Program user perception of privacy and confidentiality of their information. Journal Health Society, vol 18(1):42-49. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902009000100005. [Included in the scoping review]
SILVA, L. A.; CASOTTI, C. A.; CHAVES, S. C. 2013. Brazilian scientific production on the Family Health Strategy and the change in the care model. Collective Health Science, vol 18(1):221-32. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232013000100023. [Included in the scoping review]
SILVA, M. A. C. da; AGUIAR, M. G; G; MOREIRA, T. D. S. 2016. Between knots in the mental health network: the practices of community health workers. Baiana Public Health Journal, vol 40(3):713-728. DOI: 10.22278/2318-2660. [Included in the scoping review]
TRICCO, A. C. et al. 2018. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, vol 169(7):467-473. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850.
TRONTO, J. C. 2013. Caring democracy: markets, equality, and justice. New York: University Press.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2025 Claudia Camilo, Mariana Cabral Schveitzer, Carlos Roberto Castro-Silva
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International.
Direitos Autorais para textos publicados na Revista de Estudos e Investigações Antropológicas são do autor, com direitos de primeira publicação para a revista. No caso de submissão paralela a outro periódico, o texto em questão será excluído imediatamente do processo de avaliação e não será publicado na Revista de Estudos e Investigações Antropológicas.
