Uso das Mídias Sociais nas Eleições e seu Impacto nos Eleitores: um estudo bibliométrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51359/1679-1827.2020.249452Palavras-chave:
Mídias Sociais, Política, Eleições, Eleitores, BibliometriaResumo
Com o crescente uso das aplicações tecnológicas, os artefatos e ferramentas ganharam importância significativa, dentre eles as mídias sociais. No campo da política não é diferente, já que após as eleições americanas de 2008, o uso dessas ferramentas tornou-se crucial em campanhas. A atenção voltou-se para esse tema de estudo, contudo, investigam como os políticos as utilizavam, seja para mobilizar eleitores, gerar mais participação e/ou engajamento. Em complemento a isso, pesquisadores do campo afirmam que pesquisas recentes focaram apenas para o contexto dos agentes políticos, preterindo a realidade dos eleitores. Perante esse movimento encontrado na literatura, este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar e discutir a produção científica, durante o período de 2008 a 2020, sobre os temas: mídias sociais, eleições e eleitores. O diagnóstico/levantamento aponta para uma diferença no número de pesquisas realizadas entre os cenários, como também, indica diferentes caminhos para que sejam desenvolvidas investigações no contexto dos eleitores.Referências
ALDRICH, J. H.; GIBSON, R. K.; CANTIJOCH, M.; KONITZER, T. Getting out the vote in the social media era: Are digital tools changing the extent, nature and impact of party contacting in elections? Party Politics, v. 22, n. 2, p. 165-178, 2016.
ALLSOP, B.; KISBY, B. The "Youthquake" in British Politics: Myth or Reality? Societies, v. 9, n. 4, p. 68, 2019.
AMARAL, M. S; PINHO, J. A. G. Eleições Parlamentares no Brasil: O Uso do Twitter na Busca por Votos. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, v. 22, n. 4, p. 466-486, 2018.
ANDI, S.; AYTAC, S. E.; CARKOGLU, A. Internet and social media use and political knowledge: Evidence from Turkey. Mediterranean Politics, v. 25, n. 5, p. 579-599, 2019.
BAUMGARTNER, J. C.; MORRIS, J. S. MyFaceTube politics: Social networking web sites and political engagement of young adults. Social Science Computer Review, v. 28, n. 1, p. 24-44, 2010.
BAXTER, G.; MARCELLA, R.; CHAPMAN, D.; FRASER, A. Voters' information behaviour when using political actors' web sites during the 2011 Scottish Parliament election campaign. Aslib proceedings: New information perspectives, v. 65, n. 5, p. 515-533, 2013.
BEKAFIGO, M. A.; MCBRIDE, A. Who Tweets About Politics?: Political Participation of Twitter Users During the 2011 Gubernatorial Elections. Social Science Computer Review, v. 31, n. 5, p. 625-643, 2013.
BÉLANGER, É. Social media use and voting intention in the 2012 Quebec election campaign. French Politics, v. 17, n. 4, p. 468-481, 2019.
BEST, S. J.; KRUEGER, B. S. Analyzing the representativeness of Internet political participation. Political Behavior, v. 27, n. 2, p. 183-216, 2005.
BIMBER, B. Digital Media in the Obama Campaigns of 2008 and 2012: Adaptation to the Personalized Political Communication Environment. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, v. 11, n. 2, p. 130-150, 2014.
BOND, R. M. et al. A 61-million-person experiment in social influence and political mobilization. Nature, v. 489, n. 7415, p. 295-298, 2012.
BOULIANNE, S. Does Internet use affect engagement? A meta-analysis of research. Political communication, v. 26, n. 2, p. 193-211, 2009.
BOULIANNE, S. Twenty years of digital media effects on civic and political participation. Communication research, v. 47, n. 7, p. 947-966, 2020.
COPELAND, L.; RÖMMELE, A. Beyond the Base? Political Parties, Citizen Activists, and Digital Media Use in the 2009 German Federal Election Campaign. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, v. 11, n. 2, p. 169-185, 2014.
DE SIO, L; WEBER, T. Issue yield: A model of party strategy in multidimensional space. American Political Science Review, v. 108, n. 4, p. 870-885, 2014.
ENLI, G. Twitter as arena for the authentic outsider: Exploring the social media campaigns of Trump and Clinton in the 2016 US presidential election. European journal of communication, v. 32, n. 1, p. 50-61, 2017.
FERNANDES, C. M. et al. A propaganda política no Facebook: O uso das fanpages pelos principais candidatos à Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte. Rizoma, v. 6, n. 1, p. 74-88, 2018.
GIBSON, R. K. Party change, social media and the rise of ‘citizen-initiated’campaigning. Party politics, v. 21, n. 2, p. 183-197, 2015.
GIBSON, R. K. Web campaigning from a global perspective. Asia-Pacific Review, v. 11, n. 1, p. 95-126, 2004.
GOODMAN, N.; BASTEDO, H.; LEDUC, L.; PAMMETT, J. H. Young Canadians in the 2008 Federal Election Campaign: Using Facebook to Probe Perceptions of Citizenship and Participation. Canadian Journal of Political Science-Revue Canadienne De Science Politique, v. 44, n. 4, p. 859-881, 2011.
GROSHEK, J.; KOC-MICHALSKA, K. Helping populism win? Social media use, filter bubbles, and support for populist presidential candidates in the 2016 US election campaign. Information Communication & Society, v. 20, n. 9, p. 1389-1407, 2017.
GROVER, P.; KAR, A. K.; DWIVEDI, Y. K.; JANSSEN, M. Polarization and acculturation in US Election 2016 outcomes – Can twitter analytics predict changes in voting preferences. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, v. 145, p. 438-460, 2019.
HOSCH, B.; AMRIT, C.; AARTS, K.; DASSEN, A. How Do Online Citizens Persuade Fellow Voters? Using Twitter During the 2012 Dutch Parliamentary Election Campaign. Social Science Computer Review, v. 34, n. 2, p. 135-152, 2016.
KAPOOR, K. K et al. Advances in social media research: Past, present and future. Information Systems Frontiers, v. 20, n. 3, p. 531-558, 2018.
KAUN, A.; GUYARD, C. Divergent views: Social media experts and young citizens on politics 2.0. International Journal of Electronic Governance, v. 4, n. 1-2, p. 104-120, 2011.
KENSKI, K; STROUD, N. J. Connections between Internet use and political efficacy, knowledge, and participation. Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 50, n. 2, p. 173-192, 2006.
KOC-MICHALSKA, K.; GIBSON, R.; VEDEL, T. Online Campaigning in France, 2007-2012: Political Actors and Citizens in the Aftermath of the Web.2.0 Evolution. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, v. 11, n. 2, p. 220-244, 2014.
KRIESI, H. et al. Globalization and the transformation of the national political space: Six European countries compared. European Journal of Political Research, v. 45, n. 6, p. 921-956, 2006.
KRUIKEMEIER, S. et al. Unraveling the effects of active and passive forms of political Internet use: Does it affect citizens' political involvement? New Media & Society, v. 16, n. 6, p. 903-920, 2014.
KUSHIN, M. J; YAMAMOTO, M. Did social media really matter? College students' use of online media and political decision making in the 2008 election. Mass Communication and Society, v. 13, n. 5, p. 608-630, 2010.
LOPES, A. P. V. B. V; CARVALHO, M. M. Evolução da literatura de inovação em relações de cooperação: um estudo bibliométrico num período de vinte anos. Gestão & Produção, v. 19, n. 1, p. 203-217, 2012.
MESSING, S; WESTWOOD, S. J. Selective exposure in the age of social media: Endorsements trump partisan source affiliation when selecting news online. Communication research, v. 41, n. 8, p. 1042-1063, 2014.
MOURA, M.; MICHELSON, M. R. Whatsapp in brazil: Mobilising voters through door-to-door and personal messages. Internet Policy Review, v. 6, n. 4, p. 1-18, 2017.
OHME, J. Mobile but Not Mobilized? Differential Gains from Mobile News Consumption for Citizens’ Political Knowledge and Campaign Participation. Digital Journalism, v. 8, n. 1, p. 103-125, 2020.
PEDERSEN, C. The growing importance of issue competition: The changing nature of party competition in Western Europe. Political studies, v. 55, n. 3, p. 607-628, 2007.
RAYNAULD, V.; GREENBERG, J. Tweet, Click, Vote: Twitter and the 2010 Ottawa Municipal Election. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, v. 11, n. 4, p. 412-434, 2014.
SANTANA, R. S. Participação política on-line e off-line nas eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2014. 2018. 202 f. Tese (Doutorado) – Faculdade de Comunicação, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, 2018.
SEGESTEN, A. D.; BOSSETTA, M. A typology of political participation online: how citizens used Twitter to mobilize during the 2015 British general elections. Information Communication & Society, v, 20, n. 11, p. 1625-1643, 2017.
SHERMAN, E.; SCHIFFMAN, L. G.; THELEN, S. T. Young Voters' Trust of Information and Media Sources: The 2008 U.S. Presidential Election. Journal of Political Marketing, v. 11, n. 4, p. 246-264, 2012.
ŠTĚTKA, V.; MAZÁK, J. Whither slacktivism? Political engagement and social media use in the 2013 Czech Parliamentary elections. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, v. 8, n. 3, 2014.
STRANDBERG, K. A social media revolution or just a case of history repeating itself? The use of social media in the 2011 Finnish parliamentary elections. New Media & Society, v. 15, n. 8, p. 1329-1347, 2013.
TANG, G; LEE, F. L. F. Facebook use and political participation: The impact of exposure to shared political information, connections with public political actors, and network structural heterogeneity. Social science computer review, v. 31, n. 6, p. 763-773, 2013.
TAPSCOTT, D. A hora da geração digital: como os jovens que cresceram usando a internet estão mudando tudo, das empresas aos governos. Rio de Janeiro: Agir Negócios, v. 445, 2010.
TOWNER, T. L. All Political Participation Is Socially Networked?: New Media and the 2012 Election. Social Science Computer Review, v. 31, n. 5, p. 527-541, 2013.
SHAH, D.; KWAK, N; HOLBERT, R. L. “Connecting” and “disconnecting” with civic life: patterns of internet use and the production of social capital. Political Communication, v. 18, n. 2, p. 141-162, 2001.
VACCARI, C. Online Mobilization in Comparative Perspective: Digital Appeals and Political Engagement in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Political Communication, v.34, n. 1, p. 69-88, 2017.
WAGNER, M. When do parties emphasise extreme positions? How strategic incentives for policy differentiation influence issue importance. European Journal of Political Research, v. 51, n. 1, p. 64-88, 2012.
WINCHESTER, T. M.; BINNEY, W; HALL, J. Young adults and politics: investigating factors influencing voter decision making. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, v. 26, n. 3, p. 226-257, 2014.
ZUPIC, I; ČATER, T. Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, v. 18, n. 3, p. 429-472, 2015.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 Gestão.Org - Revista Eletrônica de Gestão Organizacional
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Os trabalhos assinados são de responsabilidade exclusiva do(s) autor(es).
Os direitos, inclusive os de tradução, são reservados.
É permitido citar os trabalhos publicados sem autorização prévia desde que seja identificada a fonte.
