Reconsiderando a excepcionalidade da lógica

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51359/2357-9986.2025.263874

Palavras-chave:

anti-excepcionalismo, prática lógica, lógicas não clássicas, analiticidade

Resumo

Ao apelar para evidências da literatura filosófica e da prática lógica, argumento que o anti-excepcionalismo em relação à lógica não é, em muitos aspectos, bem justificado. Na primeira parte, afirmo que a prioridade da lógica ainda está muito viva na literatura filosófica, e os argumentos clássicos de Quine foram seriamente desafiados. Na segunda parte, concentro-me na prática lógica e argumento que a lógica não é revisável no sentido usual. A pesquisa lógica contemporânea baseia-se principalmente na lógica clássica como lingua franca, e há boas razões para pensar que apenas a lógica clássica pode desempenhar esse papel. Apenas algumas partes da pesquisa lógica envolvem a possibilidade de uma revisão mais profunda. Na última seção, afirmo que um aspecto em que a lógica pode ser demonstrada como semelhante a outras ciências é o metodológico, pois a prática lógica pode ser caracterizada usando modelos e teorias da filosofia geral da ciência.

Referências

ARENHART, J.; FERREIRA DA CUNHA, I. Carnapian Lessons for Anti-Exceptionalism about Logic. History and Philosophy of Logic, v. 44, n. 2, p. 54–65, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340.2022.2162327.

ARNOLD, J.; SHAPIRO, S. Where in the (World Wide) Web of Belief is the Law of Non-contradiction?*. Noûs, v. 41, n. 2, p. 276–297, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0068.2007.00647.x.

BACCIAGALUPPI, G. Is logic empirical? In: GABBAY, D.; LEHMANN, D.; ENGESSER, K. (Ed.). Handbook of Quantum Logic. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008. P. 49–78.

BARRIO, E. A.; PAILOS, F.; SZMUC, D. A hierarchy of classical and paraconsistent logics. Journal of Philosophical Logic, v. 49, n. 1, p. 93–120, 2020.

BEALL, J. Spandrels of Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

BOGHOSSIAN, P. Blind Reasoning. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes, v. 77, p. 225–293, 2003. Disponível em: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4106998.

BOGHOSSIAN, P. Knowledge of Logic. In: BOGHOSSIAN, P.; PEACOCKE, C. (Ed.). New Essays on the A Priori. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, p. 229–254.

COMMANDEUR, L. Logical Instrumentalism and Anti-exceptionalism about Logic. Erkenntnis, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-023-00752-w.

DICHER, B. Ask not what bilateralist intuitionists can do for Cut, but what Cut can do for bilateralist intuitionism. Analysis, 2019. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anz023.

DUMMETT, M. Is logic empirical? In: Truth and Other Enigmas. Edição: Michael Dummett. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978. P. 269–289.

FERRARI, F.; MARTIN, B.; FOGLIANI SFORZA, M. P. Anti-exceptionalism about logic: an overview. Synthese, v. 201, n. 2, 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s11229-023-04082-w.

FIELD, H. Saving Truth from Paradox. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

FIORE, C.; ROSENBLATT, L. Recapture Results and Classical Logic. Mind, v. 132, n. 527, p. 762–788, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzad006.

GILLIES, D. The Fregean Revolution in Logic. In: Revolutions in Mathematics. Edição: Donald Gillies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995, p. 265–305.

HAGEMEIER, C.; KIRST, D. Constructive and Mechanised Meta-Theory of Intuitionistic Epistemic Logic. In: Logical Foundations of Computer Science. Edição: Sergei Artemov e Anil Nerode. Berlin: Springer International Publishing, 2021. P. 90–111. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93100-1_7.

HALBACH, V. Axiomatic Theories of Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

HALBACH, V.; HORSTEN, L. Axiomatizing Kripke’s theory of truth. Journal of Symbolic Logic, v. 71, n. 2, p. 677–712, 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1146620166

HJORTLAND, O. Anti-exceptionalism about logic. Philosophical Studies, v. 174, n. 3, p. 631–658, 2016. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0701-8.

KALMÁR, L. Uber die Axiomatisierbarkeit des Aussagenkalk. Acta litterarum ac scientiarum, v. 7, p. 222–243, 1935.

KRAUZE, D. The Underlying Logic is Mandatory also in Discussing the Philosophy of Quantum Physics. Principia: an international journal of epistemology, v. 28, Extra 3, p. 505–516, 2024.

KRIPKE, S. Outline of a Theory of Truth. The Journal of Philosophy, Philosophy Documentation Center, v. 72, n. 19, p. 690, 1975. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2307/2024634.

KRIPKE, S. Semantical Analysis of Intuitionistic Logic. In: DUMMETT, M.; CROSSLEY, J. (Ed.). Formal Systems and Recursive Functions. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing, 1965. P. 92–130.

KUHN, T. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962. ISBN 0226458121.

LEECH, J. Logic and the Laws of Thought. Philosophers Imprint, v. 15, n. 12, p. 1–27, 2015. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3521354.0015.012.

MARTIN, B. The philosophy of logical practice. Metaphilosophy, v. 53, n. 2–3, p. 267–283, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/meta.12552.

MARTIN, B.; HJORTLAND, O. Anti-exceptionalism about logic as tradition rejection. Synthese, v. 200, n. 2, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03653-7.

MARTIN, B.; HJORTLAND, O. Logical Predictivism. Journal of Philosophical Logic, v. 50, n. 2, p. 285–318, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10992-020-09566-5.

MAUDLIN, T. The Labyrinth of Quantum Logic. In: CHAKRABORTY, S.; CONANT, J. F. (Ed.). Engaging Putnam. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. P. 183–206.

MEADOWS, T. Fixed Points for Consequence Relations. Logique et Analyse, v. 57, n. 227, p. 333–357, 2014. Disponível em: http://www.jstor.org/stable/44085292.

PAILOS, F.; TAJER, D. Validity in a Dialetheist Framework. Logique et Analyse, n. 238, pp. 191–202, 2017.

PRIEST, G. Logical Disputes and the A Priori. Logique et Analyse, v. 236, p. 347–366, 2016. Disponível em: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26767833.

PUTNAM, H. Comments and Replies. In: HALE, B.; CLARKE, P. (Ed.). Reading Putnam. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 1994. P. 242–295.

PUTNAM, H. The Logic of Quantum Logic. In: Mathematics, Matter, and Method. Edição: Hilary Putnam. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975. P. 174–197.

QUINE, W. V. Two Dogmas of Empiricism. The Philosophical Review, v. 60, n. 1, p. 20–43, 1951. Disponível em: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2181906.

QUINE, W. Philosophy of Logic. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.

QUINE, W. Truth by convention. In: Readings in Philosophical Analysis. Edição: Herbert Feigl e Wildrid Sellars. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., 1949. P. 250–273.

RIPLEY, D. Conservatively Extending Classical Logic with Transparent Truth. The Review of Symbolic Logic, v. 5, n. 2, p. 354–378, 2012. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1017/s1755020312000056.

RIPLEY, D.; BEALL, J. Non-classical theories of truth. In: GLANZBERG, M. (Ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. P. 739–754.

ROSSBERG, M.; SHAPIRO, S. Logic and science: science and logic. Synthese, v. 199, n. 3–4, p. 6429–6454, 2021. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03076-w.

SCHURZ, G. Why classical logic is privileged: justification of logics based on translatability. Synthese, v. 199, n. 5–6, p. 13067–13094, 2021. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03367-2.

VAN HEIJENOORT, J. Logic as calculus and logic as language. Synthese, v. 17, n. 1, p. 324–330, 1967. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/bf00485036.

VELDMAN, W. An intuitiomstic completeness theorem for intuitionistic predicate logic. The Journal of Symbolic Logic, v. 41, n. 1, p. 159–166, 1976. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2307/2272955.

WARREN, J. Shadows of Syntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.

WEBER, Z.; BADIA, G.; GIRARD, P. What is an inconsistent truth table? Australasian Journal of Philosophy, v. 94, n. 3, p. 533–548, 2016.

WOODS, J. Logical Partisanhood. Philosophical Studies, v. 176, n. 5, p. 1203–1224, 2018. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-018-1054-2.

ZARDINI, E. Truth Without Contra(di)ction. The Review of Symbolic Logic, v. 4, n. 4, p. 498–535, 2011. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1017/s1755020311000177.

Downloads

Publicado

2025-12-04

Edição

Seção

Perspectiva Contemporâneas em Filosofia da Lógica