Influência da Urbanização no Clima da Cidade de Campina Grande-PB (Influence of Urbanization on Climate of the Campina Grande City–PB)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v4i1.232710Keywords:
Clima urbano, Mann-Kendall e variáveis climáticasAbstract
A expansão de cidades produz diversos impactos no ambiente urbano causado por atividades antropogênicas. Este estudo avaliou o efeito da urbanização no clima da cidade de Campina Grande com base em dados mensais de temperatura média do ar, precipitação pluvial, umidade relativa do ar e insolação no período de 1963 a 2004. O método de desvios cumulativos foi utilizado para detectar mudanças abruptas nas séries temporais. Dois períodos de estudo foram estabelecidos: pré-urbano intenso PRÉ-UI (1963-1985) e pós-urbano intenso PÓS-UI (1986-2004). Para cada variável climática foram obtidas estatísticas como: médias, desvio-padrão, coeficiente de variação (CV) e autocorrelação serial. Foram avaliadas as diferenças entre as médias dos períodos PRÉ-UI e PÓS-UI através do teste de t-Student. Também foi usado o teste Mann-Kendall para avaliar as tendências das séries temporais no período total estudado. A temperatura média do ar apresentou tendência crescente, enquanto umidade relativa apresentou tendência decrescente, todas estatisticamente significativas ao nível de 1% através do teste de Mann-Kendall. A série de precipitação pluvial não apresentou tendência estatisticamente significativa. A variabilidade da precipitação pluvial intra-anual, expressa pelo CV, é muito alta e variou de 30 a 89% durante o período analisado. A variabilidade anual da precipitação pluvial é cerca de 30% da variabilidade intra-anual. A temperatura do ar demonstrou persistência natural através dos valores do coeficiente de autocorrelação, para os primeiros lags.
Palavras-chave: Clima urbano, Mann-Kendall e variáveis climáticas
Influence of Urbanization on Climate of the Campina Grande City–PB
ABSTRACT
The expansion of cities produces different impacts in the urban environment caused by anthropogenic activities. This study evaluated the effect of urbanization on climate of the Campina Grande city based on monthly data of average air temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine in the period 1963 to 2004. The cumulative deviation method was used to detect abrupt changes in time series. Two study periods were established: intense urban pre-PRE-UI (1963-1985) and after intense urban POST-IU (1986-2004). For each climate variable, statistics were obtained as averages, standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV) and serial autocorrelation. We evaluated the differences between the mean pre-and post-IU through the IU Student t test. It was also used Mann-Kendall test to assess trends in time series over the entire period studied. The average air temperature showed an ascending trend, while relative humidity showed a declining trend, all statistically significant at 1% through the Mann-Kendall test. The series of rainfall did not show a statistically significant trend. The variability of intra-annual precipitation, expressed as CV, is very high and ranged from 30 to 89% during the period analyzed. The variability of annual rainfall is about 30% of intra-annual variability.The air temperature showed persistence through the natural values the autocorrelation coefficient for the first lags.
Keywords: Urban climate, Mann-Kendall and climatic variables
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Copyright (c) 2011 Francisco de Assis Salviano de Sousa, Heliene Ferreira de Morais, Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da

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