Balanço Hídrico da Bacia do Rio Caravelas (BA) como Subsídio ao Planejamento Agrícola (Water Balance of the Caravelas (BA) Basin as a Support to Farm Planning)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20140003Keywords:
Balanço hídrico, bacia hidrográfica, uso e ocupação da terra, Bahia.Abstract
Este trabalho se propõe a realizar o balanço hidroclimatológico da bacia do rio Caravelas utilizando-se de dados de precipitação e temperatura dos últimos quatorze anos (1998-2012) com vistas a contribuir com o planejamento agrícola da área de abrangência dessa bacia, localizada entre os paralelos 17º22’S e 17º55’S e os meridianos 39º32’ e 39º20’W de Greenwich, inserida no extremo sul do estado da Bahia. De posse dos dados para elaboração do balanço hidroclimatológico, empregou-se o método de Thornthwaite & Mather (1955), por meio do programa BHnorm proposto em planilha EXCELTM por Rolim et al., (1998). Como capacidade de água disponível (CAD) utilizou-se o valor de 100 mm e a evapotranspiração potencial foi estimada seguindo metodologia de Thornthwaite (1948). O balanço hidroclimatológico realizado demonstra que o mês de novembro apresentou um excedente hídrico elevado, acompanhado pelos meses de dezembro, maio, junho e julho. Também evidencia os meses de janeiro, fevereiro e agosto como meses de maior deficiência hídrica. Nesse sentido, o método proposto por Thornthwaite & Mather (op.cit) se mostrou satisfatório, visto que além de estabelecer as variáveis hidroclimatológicas atuantes, fornece dados para os estudos de evolução da paisagem e propostas de planejamento agrícola ao longo da bacia hidrográfica do rio Caravelas.
A B S T R A C T
Using precipitation and temperature data from last fourteen years (1998-2012), this paper aims to realize the caravelas river basin hydro balance aiming to contribute to the agricultural planning of the region located between the parallels 17º22’ S and 17º55’ S and the meridians 39º32’W and 39º20’ W, inserted in the extreme south of Bahia state. In possession of data for elaboration of water balance, were used the method of Thornthwaite & Mather (1955) by means of BHnorm software proposed in spreadsheet Excel TM by Rolim et al. (1998). As available water capacity (AWC) was use the value of 100 mm and potential evapotranspiration was estimated following the method of Thornthwaite (1948). The water balance assessment is that the month of November showed a high water surplus, followed by months of December, May, June and July. It was also showed that the months of January, February and August as months of higher hydric deficiency. In this sense, the method proposed by Thornthwaite & Mather (op.cit) proved satisfactory, as well as establishing the hidroclimatical variables active, providing data for studies of landscape evolution and planning proposals along the Caravelas river basin.
Keywords: Hydro balance; River basin; Agricultural planning; Bahia.
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Copyright (c) 2014 Sírius Oliveira Souza, Wesley Côrrea, Rosilene Fileti, Cláudia Câmara do Vale

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