Estimativa da produtividade do milho nas diferentes mesorregiões do Estado de Alagoas (Productivity estimation of maize in different mesoregions from Alagoas state)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v10.4.p1100-1109Keywords:
ENOS, análise estatística, modelo agrometeorológico, perdasAbstract
As atividades agrícolas no nordeste brasileiro se desenvolvem em sua grande maioria numa região marcada por forte deficiência hídrica, normalmente influenciada por fenômenos climatológicos, como ENOS, que impõe a esta região, fortes chuvas em períodos de La Niña e escassez nos meses de El Niño. O presente trabalho visa simular penalizações por deficiência hídrica a partir de dados obtidos pelas estações meteorológicas do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), dos municípios de Água Branca, Maceió, Palmeira dos índios, Pão de Açúcar e Porto de Pedras, localizados no estado de Alagoas, para uma série climatológica compreendida entre 1961 a 2016. A estimativa da produtividade do milho foi obtida por meio de modelo agrometeorológico teórico que relaciona as perdas na produtividade e deficiência hídrica no decorrer das fases fenológicas da cultura. Procedimentos estatísticos foram adotados para uma melhor compreensão do comportamento dos resultados obtidos, tais como, histogramas de frequência das perdas para identificar a prevalência ou não da concentração destes valores em determinadas classes, gráficos do tipo boxplot para sintetizar em um único gráfico vários parâmetros estatísticos descritivos e o qq-plot, afim de se testar a normalidade da distribuição dos valores obtidos para as perdas. Uma análise comparativa entre as perdas da produtividade com as fases quentes e frias do fenômeno ENOS foi realizada, afim de se verificar o impacto deste fenômeno nos referentes períodos de plantio recomendados pelo Governo Federal para diferentes mesorregiões do estado de Alagoas.
A B S T R A C T
The agricultural activities in the northeast of Brazil develop in a region with largest water deficiency. It influenced by climatic phenomena such as ENSO what promotes rains showers at La Niña period and scarcity rains at El Niño months. This work will simulate penalizations by water deficiency using meteorological stations datasets from National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) from ÁguaBranca, Maceió, Palmeira dos Índios, Pão de Açúcar e Porto de Pedras, located in Alagoas State for a climatic series between 1961 and 2016. The maize productivity estimations they were obtained using a theoretical agrometeorological model. This model relates productivity and water deficiency in different phenological phases of the plant. Statistical procedures were adopted to understand the obtained results, for example, loss frequency histogram to identify the datasets concentration in classes, boxplot graph to summarize descriptive statistical parameters and the qq-plot to test the normality distribution on the loss values. A comparative analyze between productivity loss with warm and cold phases of the ENSO phenomenon was realized, to verify the impact of this phenomenon on different planting periods recommended by Federal Government on different mesoregions of Alagoas State.
Keywords: ENSO, statistical analyses, agrometeorological model, loss.
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Copyright (c) 2017 João Pedro Gonçalves Nobre, Hugo Carvalho de Almeida, Laurizio Emanuel Ribeiro, Fabrício Daniel dos Santos Silva

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