Indicadores Anatômicos Foliares Como Estratégias de Defesa Contra Elevada Incidência Luminosa (Anatomical Leaves Indicators as Defense Strategies Against High Luminosity)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v4i2.232733Abstract
Em ambientes sob elevada incidência de radiação solar, como a caatinga e a restinga, os vegetais buscam minimizar os efeitos danosos de condições estressantes, como a elevada intensidade luminosa, através de ajustes morfoanatômicos nas folhas. Este estudo busca compreender os caracteres morfoanatômicos que podem constituir estratégias de defesa ao excesso de luz incidente na superfície foliar de espécies estabelecidas em locais com elevada intensidade luminosa. Foram selecionadas duas áreas, uma com vegetação de caatinga e uma com vegetação de restinga, no Estado de Pernambuco. Em cada bioma, foram selecionadas quatro espécies entre as dominantes, sendo coletadas folhas para confecção de lâminas histológicas semipermanentes seguindo metodologia usual em anatomia vegetal. Na lâmina foliar foram analisadas a área foliar total, a espessura, o comprimento e a largura foliar. Foi obtida a medida da espessura da cutícula, epiderme, definido o grau de sinuosidade das paredes anticlinais, o tipo, a densidade e o índice de estômatos e tricomas. Também foi mensurada a espessura dos parênquimas paliçádico e esponjoso no mesofilo. Espécies de caatinga e restinga apresentam grupos de caracteres morfoanatômicos de adaptação às condições de elevadas incidência luminosa e conseqüente elevada temperatura. Isto permite a permanência dessas plantas em ambientes sob estas condições. A identificação de similaridade de caracteres funcionais em folhas de espécies estabelecidas na caatinga e na restinga sugere o desenvolvimento de caracteres em resposta às condições ambientais.
Palavras - chave: Radiação solar, Anatomia foliar, Restinga, Caatinga.
Anatomical Leaves Indicators as Defense Strategies Against High Light Incidence
ABSTRACT
In environments under high solar radiation, such as caatinga and restinga, the plant minimize the harmful effects of stressful conditions, such as high light intensity, through morphological and anatomical adjustments in the leaves. This study aims to understand the morphological and anatomical features that may constitute defense strategies to excess light incident on the leaf surface species established in sites with high light intensity. We selected two areas, one with caatinga vegetation and restinga in the Pernambuco State. We selected four dominant species in each biome and collected leaves for preparation of histological slides semipermanent following the usual methodology in plant anatomy. In the leaf lamina were analyzed the total leaf area, thickness, length and leaf width. The thickness of the cuticle, epidermis, the degree of sinuosity of anticlinal walls, the type, density and stomatal index and trichomes were defined. The thickness of the palisade and spongy mesophyll were measured. Species of caatinga and restinga show groups of morphological and anatomical features of adaptation to high incidence of light and consequent elevated temperature. This allows the maintenance of these plants in environments under these conditions. The identification of functional similarity of characters in leaves established in the caatinga and restinga suggests the development of characters in response to environmental conditions.
Keywords: Solar radiation, Leaf anatomy, Caatinga, Restinga
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Copyright (c) 2012 Vanessa Bastos Simões da Costa, Gabriela Macêdo Aretakis de Almeida, Maria das Graças Santos das Chagas, Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel

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