Medicine treatment of craving in users of cocaine/crack: integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v10i1a10934p163-171-2016Keywords:
Mental Health, Substance-Related Disorders, Crack Cocaine, Health PolicyAbstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: to analyze the knowledge about the positive outcomes of medicine treatment for craving for crack/cocaine users. Method: integrative review aimed at answering the question << What are the studies that using drug treatment showed positive effect on craving in users of cocaine/crack?>>. The search was conducted in CINAHL databases, Scopus, Medline and Cochrane in June 2014 using the non-indexed keyword “Craving” and the indexed keywords “Crack Cocaine”, “Drug Therapy” and “Treatment Outcome”. Results: of the 902 records retrieved, only eight studies showed treatment regimens with positive effects for the craving of cocaine. There were nine different drugs used. The drugs had a positive influence in reducing cocaine levels in urine and craving; behaviors considered antisocial and crime associated with the abuse of crack/cocaine. Conclusion: The results are in agreement with the need to develop new research on the action of the drugs and the specific pharmacological interventions. Descriptors: Mental Health; Disorders Related to Substance Use; Drug Treatment; Crack; Cocaine.
RESUMO
Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento sobre o resultado positivo do tratamento medicamentoso para o craving em usuários de crack/cocaína. Método: revisão integrativa com vistas a responder à questão <craving em usuários de cocaína/crack? >>. Foi realizada a busca nas bases de dados CINAHL, Scopus, Medline e Cochrane no mês de junho de 2014 empregando o descritor não-indexado “Craving” e os indexados “Crack Cocaine”, “Drug Therapy” e “Treatment Outcome”. Resultados: dos 902 registros recuperados, apenas oito estudos apresentaram esquemas terapêuticos com efeitos positivos para o craving da cocaína. Utilizaram-se nove drogas diferentes. Os medicamentos influenciaram positivamente na diminuição dos níveis de cocaína na urina e do craving, de condutas consideradas antissociais e na criminalidade associada ao abuso do crack/cocaína. Conclusão: os resultados são concordantes com a necessidade de desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas sobre a ação dos fármacos e as intervenções medicamentosas específicas. Descritores: Saúde Mental; Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias; Tratamento Medicamentoso; Cocaína; Crack.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento sobre el resultado positivo del tratamiento medicamentoso para el craving en usuarios de crack/cocaína. Método: revisión integradora para responder la pregunta << ¿Cuáles estudios usando tratamiento medicamentoso evidenciaron efecto positivo en craving en usuarios de cocaína/crack? >>. Fue realizada la búsqueda en las bases de datos CINAHL, Scopus, Medline y Cochrane en el mes de junio de 2014 empleando el descriptor no-indexado “Craving” y los indexados “Crack Cocaine”, “Drug Therapy” y “Treatment Outcome”. Resultados: de los 902 registros recuperados, apenas ocho estudios presentaron esquemas terapéuticos con efectos positivos para el craving de cocaína. Se utilizaron nueve drogas diferentes. Los medicamentos influyeron positivamente en la disminución de los niveles de cocaína en la orina y del craving, de conductas consideradas antisociales y en la criminalidad asociada al abuso del crack/cocaína. Conclusión: los resultados son concordantes con la necesidad de desarrollo de nuevas investigaciones sobre la acción de los fármacos y las intervenciones medicamentosas específicas. Descriptores: Salud Mental; Trastornos Relacionados al Uso de Sustancias; Tratamiento Medicamentoso; Cocaína; Crack.
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