Caracterização do Ano Hidrológico e Mapeamento Espacial das Chuvas nos Períodos Úmido e Seco do Estado do Tocantins (Characterization of the Hydrological Year and Spatial Rains Mapping of Wet and Dry Periods in the State of Tocantins)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v06.1.p091-099Keywords:
Precipitação pluviométrica, interpolação matemática, pluviometria.Abstract
A determinação do inicio do ano hidrológico, a diferenciação dos períodos úmidos e secos, bem como a distribuição espacial da precipitação em cada período são informações fundamentais que servem como base de conhecimento climatológico para alavancagem de estudos hidrológicos em uma região. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar e discretizar o ano hidrológico do estado do Tocantins, bem como mapear espacialmente a distribuição da precipitação pluviométrica dos períodos úmidos e secos. Utilizaram-se dados de 43 estações pluviométricas distribuídas no estado do Tocantins, com dados de 1977 a 2006. Os mapas das isoietas foram confeccionadas utilizando-se de SIG pelo método de interpolação matemática Topo to Raster. Os resultados mostraram que o ano hidrológico no estado do Tocantins começa no mês de outubro, sendo o seu período úmido de outubro até abril e o período seco de maio até setembro. Os maiores valores pluviométricos do período seco se encontram na porção noroeste do estado do Tocantins, onde se encontra o bioma da Amazônia. Já os maiores valores pluviométricos para o período úmido estão distribuídos nas porções centro-oeste e no extremo sudeste do estado do Tocantins.
Abstract
The determination of the early hydrological year, the differentiation of wet and dry periods, as well as the spatial distribution of precipitation in each period are climatological information that serve as basic knowledge to the progress of hydrological studies in a region. This study aimed to determine and discretize the hydrologic year of the State of Tocantins, as well as spatially map the distribution of rainfall of wet and dry periods. We used data from 43 rainfall stations distributed in the state of Tocantins, with data from 1977 to 2006. The maps of isohyets were prepared using GIS by mathematical interpolation method to Top to Raster. The results showed that the hydrological year in the state of Tocantins begins in October, and its wet season from October to April and the dry season from May to September. The
highest values of rainfall during the dry season are in the Northwest portion of Tocantins, where is the Amazon biome. The highest rainfall for the wet period are in the Midwest and portions in the extreme Southeast of the Tocantins State.
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Copyright (c) 2013 Francisco Fernando Noronha Marcuzzo, Elvis Richard Pires Goularte
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