Uso do sensoriamento remoto para caracterização de veredas em diferentes estágios de conservação (Using remote sensing to characterize paths at different stages of conservation)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20160108Keywords:
SIG, Classificação Supervisionada, RapidEye, Buriti.Abstract
Estudos de geoprocessamento aplicados às veredas, tipos florestais típicos do bioma Cerrado, apesar de ainda escassos, são necessários e de extrema importância, a fim de se expandir o conhecimento sobre essas formações tão frágeis e peculiares. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a conservação de duas veredas na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Rio Pandeiros, no Norte de Minas Gerais, por meio do sensoriamento remoto. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma imagem do satélite RapidEye, com resolução espacial de 5m, a fim de gerar um maior conteúdo de informações, permitindo, assim, a detecção e classificação das diferentes classes de cobertura do solo nas Veredas Almescla e Capivara. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada na classificação supervisionada, em que o algoritmo de computador (Sistema de Informações Geográficas-SIG) classifica uma cena com base em amostras da cobertura identificadas previamente pelo usuário. A Vereda Almescla apresentou bons resultados quanto a sua conservação, o que é evidenciado pela classificação bem sucedida das classes Buriti Arbóreo (10,24%) e Campo Graminoso (14,98%), bem como pelos valores superiores em relação à porcentagem de área se comparada à Vereda Capivara, a qual apresentou maior nível de degradação, com relações ecológicas fragilizadas. Esses resultados podem auxiliar na avaliação de aspectos que sugerem as condições de conservação das veredas estudadas, além de oferecer suporte a medidas e ações conservacionistas que objetivam sua proteção e recuperação, tendo em vista a grande importância ecológica, social, cultural e econômica desses ambientes.
A B S T R A C T
Geoprocessing studies applied to paths, typical forest types of the Cerrado biome, although still rare, are necessary and extremely important, in order to expand the knowledge of these formations so fragile and peculiar. The objective of this study is to assess the conservation of two Paths in the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of Tambourines River in the North of Minas Gerais, through remote sensing. For this purpose, a satellite image was used RapidEye, with a spatial resolution of 5 m in order to generate a higher content of information to enable the detection and classification of different land cover classes in Almescla Footpaths and Capybara. The methodology used was based on supervised classification, where the computer algorithm (System of Geographical Information GIS) classifies a scene based on previously identified by the user coverage of samples. The Vereda Almescla showed good results as its conservation, which is evidenced by the successful classification of classes Arboreal Buriti (10.24%) and Campo grassy (14.98%) as well as by higher values than the area percentage compared to Vereda Capybara, which showed a higher level of degradation, with fragile ecological relationships. These results can help in the evaluation of aspects that suggest the conditions of conservation of such forests, as well as support measures and conservation actions aimed at their recovery once considered its great ecological, social, cultural and economic.
Keywords: SIG, Unsupervised Classification, RapidEye, Buriti.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Rodrigo Praes Almeida, Victor Hugo Silva Veloso, César Vinícius Mendes Nery

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