Abordagem de multiescalas como estratégia de análise ambiental em Microbacias Hidrográficas (A multi-scale approach as a strategy for environmental analysis of hydrographic microbasins)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p2003-2012Keywords:
Semiárido, Desertificação, Microbacia, Análise da paisagem, SIG.Abstract
Este trabalho consiste na análise da paisagem em uma microbacia situada no Núcleo de Desertificação do Seridó, a partir de uma estratégia de mapeamento com base em uma abordagem de multiescalas. A referida abordagem teve como parâmetro de análise o uso e ocupação do solo, através de duas escalas de análise: microbacia e zona do entorno do maior reservatório da microbacia. Verificou-se que a classe Caatinga Arbustiva foi a predominante da área total da microbacia. A partir destes dados, realizou-se uma análise comparativa apenas do uso e cobertura da terra no entorno do reservatório principal, onde foi identificada como predominante a classe Caatinga Arbustiva Aberta. Evidenciou-se que mesmo não ocorrendo na microbacia um uso antrópico intensivo (retirada na cobertura vegetal), o entorno do principal reservatório apresenta um elevado percentual de cobertura pelas classes Caatinga Arbustiva Aberta, Caatinga Herbácea/Cultivo Temporário e Solo Exposto, as quais representam áreas degradadas que foram desmatadas em anos anteriores para a formação de pasto e/ou cultivo temporário. Palavras-chave: Semiárido, Desertificação, Microbacia, Análise da paisagem, SIG.
A B S T R A C T
This work is a landscape analysis of a microbasin in the Núcleo de Desertificação do Seridó and used a mapping strategy based on a multi-scale approach. The approach used land use and cover as the analysis parameter and two scales: the microbasin and the larger surrounding reservoir of the microbasin. The Shrubby Caatinga class was verified as being predominant throughout the microbasin. Based on the data collected, a comparative analysis was made of land use and cover surrounding the principal reservoir, which was identified as being predominantly the Open Shrubby Caatinga class. It was evident that even though intense anthropogenic use (removal of vegetation cover) has not occurred in the microbasin, the surrounding area of the principal reservoir has a high percentage of the Open Shrubby Caatinga, Herbaceous/Temporary Cultivation Caatinga and Exposed Soil classes, which are degraded areas that were cleared during previous years to create pastures and/or areas for temporary cultivation.
Keywords: Semiarid, Desertification, Microbasin, Landscape analysis, GIS
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