Coquetéis vegetais e sistemas de manejo alterando a qualidade do solo e produtividade da mangueira (Plant mixture and soil management systems changing soil quality and mango productivity)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v10.4.p1079-1089Keywords:
adubação verde, estabilidade de agregados, fertilidade do soloAbstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alterações em características químicas e na estabilidade estrutural do solo e, na produtividade da mangueira após cinco cultivos de dois tipos de coquetéis vegetais e manutenção da vegetação espontânea em dois sistemas de manejo do solo. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas por 2 sistemas de manejo (com e sem revolvimento do solo) e, as subparcelas por 3 tipos de adubação verde (CV1 - 75% leguminosas + 25% gramíneas e oleaginosas; CV2 - 25% leguminosas + 75% gramíneas e oleaginosas e uma vegetação espontânea (VE)). Em cada unidade experimental foram coletadas, nas entrelinhas das mangueiras, amostras indeformadas para avaliação da estabilidade de agregados e amostras deformadas para determinação dos teores de MO, Ca, Mg e K trocáveis, P assimilável e N total. As amostras foram coletadas nas profundidades 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40 cm. Foi avaliada também a produtividade da mangueira (t ha-1). Os cinco ciclos de cultivo sucessivos de coquetéis vegetais e de manutenção da vegetação espontânea alteraram os teores de P, MO e N. Os coquetéis vegetais promoveram maiores produtividades de manga em relação à vegetação espontânea, mas não alteraram a qualidade dos frutos.
A B S T R A C T
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in chemical characteristics, soil structural stability and productivity of mango tree after five crops of two plant mixure types and maintenance of spontaneous vegetation in two soil management systems. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a split plot. The plot was set by two management systems (tillage and no tillage) and the subplots by 3 types of green manure (PM1 - 75% + leguminous 25% grasses and oilseeds; PM2 - 25% leguminous + 75% of grasses and oilseeds and spontaneous vegetation (SV)). In each experimental unit were collected between the lines of mango tree, undisturbed soil samples to assess the stability of misfolded aggregates and samples for determination of OM, Ca, Mg , K exchangeable, P assimilable and total N. The samples were collected from depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40 cm. It also evaluated the productivity of mango tree (t ha-1). The five cycles of successive cultivation of plants mixture types and on spontaneous vegetation maintenance changed only the P, MO and N levels. The plants mixture promoted major mango productivity compared to spontaneous vegetation, but didn't change the quality of the fruit.
Keywords: green manure, aggregate stability, soil fertility.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Sheila Silva Brandão, Vanderlise Giongo, Nelci Olszevski, Alessandra Monteiro Salviano
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