Aplicação do δ13C e do δ15N em estudos sobre dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solos superficiais do Brasil: uma síntese e perspectivas

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v18.3.p1940-1960

Palavras-chave:

Isótopos Estáveis, Temperatura, precipitação diária., Razão C/N

Resumo

Isótopos estáveis de carbono (δ13C) e nitrogênio (δ15N) no solo fornecem informações da dinâmica da matéria orgânica nos ecossistemas. Clima, relevo e cobertura vegetal podem influenciar tal dinâmica em diferentes escalas, condicionando os valores de δ13C e δ15N. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores ambientais que mais influenciam as variações no δ13C e δ15N de solos superficiais no Brasil e identificar as tendências existentes com base nos dados da literatura. Foram compilados valores de δ13C e δ15N até 20cm de profundidade nos diferentes biomas no Brasil. Foi realizada uma análise de distribuição dos termos mais citados para avaliar o contexto do uso de δ13C e δ15N no solo no Brasil. Foi gerado um modelo de regressão linear entre δ13C e δ15N e as variáveis temperatura, precipitação, pH do solo, razão C/N e concentração de carbono. Estudos com δ13C estão relacionados às mudanças de uso da terra, estoque de carbono e paleoecologia. Estudos com δ15N servem para determinar cadeias tróficas, atributos funcionais e funcionamento dos ecossistemas. O δ13C do solo apresentou relação negativa e o δ15N relação positiva com a temperatura. Os modelos lineares de δ13C (R² = 0,53) e δ15N (R² = 0,48) foram significativos. A razão C/N do solo tem relação positiva com o δ13C e negativa com o δ15N. Concentração de carbono e precipitação influenciaram negativamente os valores de δ13C e δ15N, respectivamente. Além do clima, outros fatores ambientais contribuem para os valores de δ13C e δ15N do solo no Brasil, principalmente a razão C/N.

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Biografia do Autor

Fábio Santos, Universidade de Brasília

Doutor em Ecologia.

Glauber Neves, Universidade de Brasília

Doutor em Ciências Ambientais

João Paulo Sena-Souza, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros

Doutor em Ciências Ambientais.

Professor universitário.

Vinicius Vasconcelos, Universidade de Brasília

Doutor em Geografia. 

Professor universitário.

Gabriela Nardoto, Universidade de Brasília

Doutora em Ecologia Aplicada.

Professora universitária.

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2025-04-02

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Santos, F., Neves, G., Sena-Souza, J. P., Vasconcelos, V., & Nardoto, G. (2025). Aplicação do δ13C e do δ15N em estudos sobre dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solos superficiais do Brasil: uma síntese e perspectivas. Revista Brasileira De Geografia Física, 18(3), 1940–1960. https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v18.3.p1940-1960

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