Monitoramento da Piscicultura em Reservatórios: Uma Abordagem Ecológica (Monitoring of Aquaculture in Reservoirs: An Ecological Approach)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i6.232942Abstract
O biomonitoramento utiliza ferramentas que avaliam os componentes estruturais e funcionais do ecossistema. O estudo da decomposição foliar, que se propõe a refletir a qualidade funcional do ecossistema aquático, alido aos dados das variáveis físicas e químicas da água, amplia a sensibilidade e a robustez dos ensaios. A expansão da piscicultura em reservatórios do rio São Francisco demanda estudos que avaliem sua capacidade suporte, para garantir sua sustentabilidade. O presente estudo objetivou analisar dados físicos e químicos da água e a velocidade da decomposição foliar em áreas onde ocorrem atividades de piscicultura no minucípio e Itacuruba-PE. Foi aplicada uma ANOVA (fator-único) para as análises estatísticas das variáveis físicas e químicas da água e uma análise de covariância para a decomposição foliar, em cada estação de coleta. Dados de temperatura e oxigênio dissolvo de fundo e superfície diferiram entre si, e apenas o oxigênio dissolvo da superfície diferiu entre as estações de coleta (p<0,05). A taxa de decomposição foliar entre as duas estações de controle não deferiu. A estação onde a atividade de piscicultura iniciou dez dias antes das análises, não deferiu das estações de controle. As estações de controle defiriram segnificativamente entre as estações que possuiam tanques ativos há mais de três meses.
Houve uma correlação direta entre a diminuição das taxas de decomposição e a interferência antrópica da piscicultura No entanto, não foi possível relacionar tal efeito ao aumento das concentrações de nutrientes na água, de forma direta.
Palavras-chave: Biomonitoramento, decomposição foliar, piscicultura, rio São Francisco.
Monitoring of Aquaculture in Reservoirs: An Ecological Approach
ABSTRACT
The biomonitoring use tools to reveal structural and functional components of the ecosystem. Leaf breakdown studies propose to reflect the quality of aquatic ecosystems, and along with physical and chemical parameters, increase the sensibility and robustness of the essays. The expansion of pisciculture in São Francisco River reservoirs has demanded studies to evaluate its capacity of supporting, to guarantee the sustainability of this kind of business. The present study aims to analyze physical and chemical parameters as well as the speed of leaf breakdown rates, by litter bags, in an pisciculture area at Itacuruba-PE. The method proposes an ecological approach for pisciculture bioassessment in reservoirs. ANOVA (one-way) was applied for the statistic analysis of physical and chemical parameters. The leaf breakdown rates were compared by a covariance analysis. When comparing the same collect station, there were statistical differences between the water temperature and dissolved oxygen of bottom and surface. They also verified differences between dissolved oxygen from different collect stations, only on the surface (p<0,05). The leaf breakdown rates between the two control points do not differ. On the other hand, control points differ significantly between the points where fishes are bred. It wasn’t possible to identify a direct relationship between the increment of nutrients in the water and the decrease of breakdown rates. However, there is a great correlation between the slowdown of leaf breakdown, in pisciculture areas, when it is related to the control points.
Keywords: Biomonitoring, leaf breakdown, pisciculture.
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Copyright (c) 2013 Janaina Uchôa Medeiros Agra, Janine Michaela Klink, Gilberto Gonçalves Rodrigues

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