Emergência e Crescimento Inicial de Plântulas de Cebola Sob o Aumento da Temperatura e Concentração de CO2 (Onion Seedlings Emergence and Initial Growth Under Increased Temperature and CO2)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v8.0.p471-483Abstract
As mudanças climáticas, especialmente o aumento da temperatura e da concentração de gases de efeito estufa na atmosfera , afetarão o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de aumento da temperatura e da concentração de CO2 na emergência de plântulas de cebola das cultivares Alfa São Francisco, Franciscana IPA 10, Vale Ouro IPA 11 e Serena .O experimento foi conduzido em câmaras de crescimento, com controle de umidade, luminosidade, temperatura e CO2, durante 12 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x4x2, com quatro cultivares de cebola, quatro temperaturas (25 ºC; 28 ºC; 31 ºC e 34 ºC) e duas concentrações de CO2 (380 e 770 ppm) e , com quatro repetições e 36 sementes por tratamento. Sementes de cebola das cultivares Alfa São Francisco, Franciscana IPA 10, Vale Ouro IPA 11 e Serena foram semeadas em bandejas de polietileno com 36 células contendo substrato comercial e mantido nas diferentes concentrações de CO2 e temperatura. Foram avaliados a porcentagem de emergência, tempo médio de emergência, velocidade de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea e comprimento da raiz principal. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott Knott a 5% de probabilidade. As concentrações de CO2 e as diferentes temperaturas proporcionaram efeitos significativos entre as cultivares para a maioria das variáveis analisadas. O aumento de CO2 e temperatura influenciaram no processo de emergência de plântulas de cebola.
Climate change, especially atmosphere temperature and concentration of greenhouse gases increase, will affect plant growth and development . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increased temperature and CO2 concentration in emergence of seedlings of onion cultivars Alfa San Francisco, Franciscan IPA 10, Valley IPA 11 Gold and Serena. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers with humidity, light, temperature and CO2 control during 12 days. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x4x2 factorial scheme, with four onion cultivars , four temperatures (25 °C; 28 °C, 31 °C and 34 °C and two concentrations of CO2 (380 to 770 ppm), with four replications and 36 seeds per treatment. Seeds of onion cultivars Alfa São Francisco, Franciscana IPA 10, Vale Ouro IPA 11 and Serena were sown in plastic trays with 36 cells containing commercial substrate and placed in different CO2 concentrations and temperature. Emergence percentage, average time of emergence, emergence speed, emergence speed index, shoot length and root length was evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the averages compared by Scott Knott test at 5% probability. The CO2 concentrations and different temperatures produced different effects among cultivars for most of the variables. The increase of CO2 and temperature influence the emergence onion seedlings process.
Key-words: climate change, impacts, agriculture
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Copyright (c) 2015 Danielle Carolina Campos da Costa, Giselle de Souza Pinheiro, Gilmara Moreira de Oliveira, Aline Thaiane Nunes dos Santos, Carmem Valdenia da Silva Santana, Francislene Angelotti, Bárbara França Dantas
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