Degradação Ambiental em Fragmento de Mata Atlântica: Reserva Ecológica do Jardim Botânico do Recife-PE (Environmental Degradation Fragment of the Atlantic Forest: Ecological Reserve of the Botanical Garden of Recife-PE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v4i4.232700Keywords:
Remanescentes, tensores antrópicos, biodiversidadeAbstract
A Reserva Ecológica do Jardim Botânico do Recife (JBR) é um dos poucos remanescentes da Mata Atlântica do Estado de Pernambuco, possuindo uma extensão de 10,72 ha. Por estar localizado numa área relativamente populosa da Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR), o JBR caracteriza-se pela pressão exercida com ocupação urbana em parte de seu entorno. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetivou analisar a variação espaço temporal do uso e ocupação do solo e o nível de degradação ambiental do Jardim Botânico do Recife e seu entorno, visando fornecer subsídios para a conservação dos recursos naturais desse importante fragmento de Mata Atlântica. Para a análise espaço temporal foram utilizadas fotografias aéreas dos anos de 1974 e 1997 e ortofotocartas de 2007. A identificação dos principais indicadores de degradação foi realizada através de visitas in loco para aplicação de checklist. Os resultados indicam que a área do JBR e seu entorno passaram por algumas mudanças, principalmente em relação aos tensores antrópicos, destacando-se a expansão urbana, viária e do pólo industrial, que totalizaram 55,10% de aumento durante o período analisado. Por outro lado, a área de Mata Atlântica do entorno do JBR apresentou regeneração, com um aumento de 28% em relação a 1997, ocupando áreas de vegetação rala e solo exposto, que, sofreram redução. O nível de degradação do JBR foi considerado pequeno (-99). Entretanto, para garantir a efetiva conservação da sua biodiversidade é necessário que se desenvolva um plano de manejo para melhor geri-lo e restrições de uso solo através da implementação de uma zona de amortecimento.
Palavras-Chaves: Remanescentes; tensores antrópicos; biodiversidade.
Environmental Degradation Fragment of the Atlantic Forest: Ecological Reserve of the Botanical Garden of Recife-PE
ABSTRACT
The Ecological Reserve of the Botanical Garden of Recife is one of the few remaining Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco State, with a length of 10.72 ha. Being located in a relatively densely populated area of Recife, the JBR is characterized by pressure with urban occupation in part of its surroundings. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of the use and occupation of the soil and the level of environmental degradation of the Botanical Garden of Recife and its surroundings, to provide input for the conservation of the natural resources of this important piece of the Atlantic Forest. Aerial photographs of 1974 and 1997 and maps of 2007 were used for the spatial and temporal analysis. The identification of key indicators of degradation was achieved through site visits for the application of checklist. The results indicate that the area of JBR and its surroundings have undergone some changes, particularly in relation to anthropogenic tensors, especially urban sprawl, road and industrial hub, which totaled 55.10% increase during the study period. Conversely, the Atlantic Florest area surrounding the JBR showed regeneration with a 28% increase over 1997, covering areas of sparse vegetation and exposed soil, which were reduced. The level of degradation of JBR was considered low (-99). However, to ensure the effective conservation of its biodiversity is necessary to develop a management plan to better manage it and land use restrictions by implementing a buffer zone.Keywords: Remainings; anthropogenic tensioners; biodiversity
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Copyright (c) 2012 Amanda Souto Maior peixe, Maria Fernanda Abrantes Torres

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