Análise das relações entre o δ18O do testemunho de gelo do Nevado Illimani (Bolívia) com a precipitação da região tropical da América do Sul (1929-1998) (Analysis of relations between δ18O the ice core of Nevado Illimani (Bolivia) with the ...)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.3.p820-831Keywords:
Glacial Tropical, Reconstrução Paleoclimática, Ciclo HidrológicoAbstract
O trabalho explora as relações espaço-temporal entre a série da razão isotópica do oxigênio dezoito (δ18O) do testemunho de gelo do Nevado Illimani (Bolívia) e a série da precipitação na região tropical da América do Sul, entre o período de 1929-1998. Com intuito, de melhorar a representatividade estatística da reconstrução da precipitação pretérita nessa região, usando o δ18O. Foram utilizados dados do δ18O dos primeiros 50 m deste testemunho e 37 séries da precipitação observadas no Brasil e na Bolívia. Adicionalmente, as médias mensais da precipitação foram calculadas e subtraídas das amostras, gerando as anomalias. A análise de dependência abrange as seguintes etapas: elaboração dos diagramas de dispersão, identificação das equações matemáticas de regressão, mensuração do erro e mensuração do índice de correlação. Ao comparar o δ18O com a precipitação identificou-se que os maiores índices de correlação são de aproximadamente |0,2|, o que impossibilita a reconstrução paleoclimática da precipitação pretérita a partir de uma regressão linear. Entretanto, as relações entre as variáveis evidenciam que os registros de máximo (mínimo) fracionamento isotópico estão relacionados à seca (chuvas acima da média) na Amazônia e Centro-Oeste brasileiro e que os registros do δ18O mínimo (máximo) ocorrem simultaneamente secas (chuvas acima da média) nordeste brasileiro, Minas Gerais, Roraima e Amazonas.
A B S T R A C T
This paper examines the space-temporal relations between a time serie oxygen stable isotopes ratio (δ18O), obtained from an ice core in Nevado Illimani (Bolivia), and the precipitation serie in South America Tropical, the period 1929-1998. For the purpose of upgrade the statistical representativity of the reconstruction of the preterit precipitation in a tropical region, using the δ18O. We used δ18O data from the upper 50 m of this core and 37 precipitation series was collected in Brazil and Bolivia. Additionally, the time series of precipitations were calculated by subtracting of the mean monthly of original series, resulting in anomalies. The dependency analysis has four stages: elaboration of scatter diagrams, identification of mathematical regression equations, error measurement and measurement of the correlation coefficient. By comparing the δ18O with precipitation was identified that the correlation indices larger are about | 0.2 |, so it is impossible makes the paleoclimatic reconstruction from a linear regression used the δ18O. However, relations between the variables show that the δ18O maximum (minimum) are related to dry (rain above the mean) in Amazon and Central Brazil and rain above the mean (dry) in northeast Brazil, Minas Gerais, Amazonas and Roraima.
Keywords: glacier tropical, paleoclimatic reconstruction, hydrologic cycle.
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