Proposta e Avaliação de Índices para Delimitar e Mapear Corpos D’água Utilizando Imagens do Satélite LANDSAT 8 (Proposal and evaluation of indices to delimit and map water bodies using images from LANDSAT 8 satellite)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1956-1968Keywords:
NDWI, CAMIR, Itaipu, ReservatórioAbstract
Este artigo teve como objetivo principal propor três novos Índices da Diferença Normalizada de Água e compará-los aos índices existentes, para delimitar e mapear corpos d’água utilizando imagens do satélite Landsat 8. A área de estudo escolhida foi um braço do reservatório da usina hidrelétrica de Itaipu. Foram utilizadas quatro imagens do satélite Landsat 8 do ano de 2015, sobre as quais índices já conhecidos na literatura foram calculados. Em função do Landsat 8 possuir uma nova banda chamada Coastal/Aerosol projetada especificamente para os recursos hídricos e investigação da zona costeira, foram propostos três novos índices utilizando esta nova banda e as bandas do infravermelho, sendo calculados e comparados. Os resultados mostraram que todos os oito índices foram capazes de identificar o corpo d’água referente ao braço do reservatório, sendo que entre os três novos índices propostos que utilizam a banda Coastal/Aerosol, o que obteve melhor resultado foi o CAMIR, que usa juntamente a banda do infravermelho médio. Esta técnica torna-se uma ferramenta importante para os gestores de bacias hidrográficas pois permite monitorar os recursos hídricos sob a ótica da dinâmica espacial e temporal de maneira automática, com aplicações claras para monitoramento de sedimentos, algas e plantas aquáticas bem como o mapeamento de áreas inundáveis e de risco à inundação.
A B S T R A C T
This article aimed to propose three new water indexes to detect and map water bodies and compare these indexes to already known indexes using images from Landsat 8. The study area was a part of the Itaipu reservoir. There were used four Landsat 8's images from 2015 on which indexes were calculated. Landsat 8 has a new band called Coastal/Aerosol and designed specifically for water resources and coastal zone research. Three new indices using this new band and infrared bands were proposed, calculated and compared with other indexes. The results showed that all eight indexes studied were able to identify the water body. About the three proposed new indexes the best was the CAMIR that uses the Coastal/Aerosol and the Middle Infrared band. These techniques becomes an important tool for manager watersheds because they allow monitoring the water resources from the perspective of spatial and temporal dynamics automatically, with clear applications for monitoring sediments, algae and aquatic plants as well as the flood risk areas.
Keywords: NDWI; CAMIR; Itaipu; Reservoir.
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Copyright (c) 2016 GABRIEL HENRIQUE DE ALMEIDA PEREIRA, Marciel Lohmann, Ronaldo Ferreira Maganhotto
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