Caracterização da variabilidade espacial e temporal da precipitação pluviométrica do Centro Sul Baiano (Characterization of the space and temporary variability of the pluviometric precipitation of South Bahia Center )
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v10.4.p1143-1151Keywords:
Variação climática, Interpolação, Espacialização, QGIS.Abstract
O desenvolvimento agrícola de uma região está relacionado com vários fatores, sobretudo com as condições climáticas locais. É de suma importância o conhecimento das variáveis de precipitação, desta maneira possibilitando a realização de prognósticos e uma dedução lógica das melhores épocas de preparo de solo, semeadura e colheita. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar a caracterização da variabilidade da precipitação pluvial do Centro Sul Baiano, analisando a variabilidade de precipitação interanual e os meses mais significativos dentro do período de 1976 a 2016. Utilizou-se para tal, uma série de dados médios mensais de Precipitação Pluvial no período de 1976 a 2016, proveniente de 15 estações meteorológicas convencionais, localizadas no Centro Sul Baiano e municípios adjacentes, obtidos do Banco de Dados Meteorológicos para Ensino e Pesquisa – BDMEP, no site do INMET. O preenchimento de falhas dos dados foi realizado através do software estatístico R. Realizou-se, então, uma estatística descritiva apenas dos dados das estações meteorológicas compreendidas dentro da região. Para a caracterização espacial da temperatura da região realizou-se a espacialização, através da interpolação espacial utilizando o método do peso pelo inverso da distancia (IDW) no programa QGIS. Verificou-se que dezembro foi o mês em que se apresentou as maiores médias para a maioria dos municípios, exceto para Lençóis e Vitória da Conquista, cujas médias foram maiores no mês de novembro A região apresentou aumento na intensidade das chuvas no período chuvoso de leste para oeste, e o nos meses considerados secos houve uma maior precipitação na parte leste que no oeste.
A B S T R A C T
The agricultural development of a region is related to several factors, especially with local climatic conditions. It is extremely important to know the precipitation variables, thus making possible the prognosis and of the best times of tillage, sowing and harvesting. The objective of this work is to characterize rainfall variability in the Southern Center of Bahia, analyzing the interannual precipitation variability and the most significant months within the period from 1976 to 2016. A series of data were used Average monthly rainfall from 1976 to 2016, from 15 conventional meteorological stations, located in the South Center of Bahia and adjacent municipalities, obtained from the Meteorological Database for Teaching and Research - BDMEP, on the INMET website. Filling of the data was performed using the statistical software R. A descriptive statistic was then made only of the data of the meteorological stations included within the region. Spatial characterization of the temperature of the region was performed by spatial interpolation using the inverse distance weight (IDW) method in the QGIS program. It was verified that December was the month that presented the highest averages for most of the municipalities, except for Lençóis and Vitória da Conquista, whose averages were higher in the month of November. The region presented increase in rainfall intensity in the eastern rainy period to the west, and in the months considered dry there was a greater precipitation in the east than in the west.
Keywords: Climatic Variation, Interpolation, Espacialization, QGIS.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Weslei Pereira Oliveira, Marcos Antônio Vanderlei Silva, Silas Alves Souza, Charles Cardoso Santana, Adenilson do Rego Oliveira Junior

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