Entupimento e Uniformidade de Distribuição em Unidades Gotejadoras Operando com Efluente Sanitário Tratado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v17.5.p3284-3297Keywords:
Reúso de água, Esgotamento sanitário, Eficiência da irrigaçãoAbstract
Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, monitorar agentes físico-químicos e microbiológicos ocasionadores de obstrução e a uniformidade de distribuição em unidades gotejadoras aplicando efluente sanitário tratado. Para isso, o experimento foi montado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 12 repetições em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas, os tipos de emissores (Plastro Hydrodrip Super, Netafim Tiran e Netafim PCJ) e nas subparcelas, os tempos de operações (0, 80, 160, 240, 320 e 400 h). A cada 80 h de operação das unidades gotejadoras foram calculados os coeficientes de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD); e obtidos em laboratórios, os valores de pH, sólidos suspensos totais (SST), sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT), ferro total (Fe), manganês total (Mn), cálcio (Ca2+), magnésio (Mg2+) e coliformes totais (CT). Os dados foram submetidos às análises descritiva e de variância, teste de média e regressão simples. O risco de obstrução de gotejadores em relação à qualidade do efluente foi severo para pH e SDT, moderado para SST, Fe, Mn e Mg2+ e menor para Mg2+ e CT. A análise temporal e o desvio padrão amostral de CUC e CUD permitiram classificar a suscetibilidade ao entupimento por biofilme dos emissores em: Plastro Hydrodrip Super > Netafim PCJ > Netafim Tiran. O CUD foi mais sensível na detecção do entupimento por biofilme em gotejadores, do que o CUC. Houve alteração significativa do CUC e CUD, ao longo do tempo de operação, apenas na unidade gotejadora com emissor Plastro Hydrodrip Super.
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