A dinâmica climática do semiárido em Petrolina – PE (Climate dynamics of the semiarid region in Petrolina – PE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20170006Keywords:
semiaridez do Nordeste brasileiro, Corrente de Benguela, Camada de Inversão dos alísios, secas, CLIMAP, Deserto do Kalahari, clima de PetrolinaAbstract
A dinâmica climática do semiárido de Petrolina traduz uma complexidade de grandes proporções. A disponibilidade de dados climáticos nessa área permitiu a adoção do Princípio da Analogia, usado em Geografia, onde desse foram deduzidos diversos aspectos da dinâmica atmosferica do Semiárido e mais especificamente do município de Petrolina-PE. Os dados foram trabalhados em programas como o CLIMAP e Excel para gerar os gráficos que deram suporte a discussão apresentada. Ao final chegou-se às seguintes conclusões: 1. O semiárido nordestino é muito mais uma consequência da circulação atmosférica do que o resultado das influências topográficas e do efeito de continentalidade; 2. A altitude mais baixa camada de inversão dos alísios é o fator determinante da semiaridez do vale médio do São Francisco. 3. É possível correlacionar a altitude da camada de inversão dos alísios de SE verificada sobre a corrente fria de Benguela e o Sudoeste africano desértico com a semiaridez instalada sobre o saliente nordestino brasileiro. 4. Os dados térmicos do município de Petrolina-PE demonstram uma tendência para acréscimos de temperatura no período de 1961 e 2012 5. Os dados de pluviosidade do município de Petrolina-PE permitem concluir que há uma tendência para diminuição das precipitações anuais no período de 1961 até 2012.
A B S T R A C T
Climate dynamics of the semiarid region of Petrolina reflects a high complexity. The availability of weather data allows this and was used the Analogy Principle, used in geography, where this were deducted various aspects of dynamic atmospheric Semi-Arid and more specifically Petrolina municipality. The data were worked in programs like CLIMAP and Excel to generate graphics that supported the discussion. At the end the following conclusions were reached: 1. The semi-arid northeast is much more a consequence of atmospheric circulation than the result of topographical influences and continentality effect; 2. The lowest elevation of the trade inversion layer is the determining factor of the middle valley semiaridez of San Francisco. 3. It is possible to correlate the altitude of the inversion layer of the SE trade winds checked on the cold Benguela current and the African desert Southwest with semiaridez installed on prominent Brazilian Northeastern. 4. The thermal data of Petrolina municipality demonstrate a tendency for temperature increases in 1961 and 2012 period 5. The rainfall data from Petrolina municipality indicate that there is a tendency to decrease in annual rainfall in the period 1961 to 2012.
Keywords: brazilian northeastern semiarid region, Benguela Current, Trade Winds Inversion Layer, droughts, CLIMAP, Kalahari desert, Petrolina’ climate
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Copyright (c) 2017 Lucivânio Jatobá, Alineaurea Florentino Silva

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