Modelagem hidrológica e otimização multiobjetivo para mitigação de inundações urbanas: uma abordagem baseada na fronteira de Pareto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v19.01.p033-047Keywords:
Inundações urbanas, reservatórios de detenção, análise de trade-offs.Abstract
Rapid urbanization has intensified the frequency and severity of urban flooding, particularly in densely occupied basins, creating demand for tools that support the design of more efficient and economically viable drainage solutions. This study proposes an integrated decision-support framework for sizing detention reservoirs in urban stormwater systems, contributing to resilient planning in areas exposed to extreme rainfall events. The methodology combines hydrological and hydraulic modeling with a multi-objective optimization model implemented in GAMS, enabling the simultaneous minimization of implementation costs and economic damages associated with flooding. The approach was applied to an urban watershed in Recife, Brazil, where hydrodynamic simulations and economic analyses were used to construct damage functions and generate optimal solutions represented by Pareto Fronts. The results reveal a strong sensitivity of costs to geotechnical conditions and reservoir typology, with variations of up to fivefold for the same level of damage mitigation. The study concludes that the proposed framework is capable of identifying optimal solutions that balance hydraulic performance and economic feasibility, providing relevant technical support for planners and decision-makers in prioritizing investments in urban drainage.
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