Batman - The dark knight: hero and villain, a historical-social construction and its insertion in the teaching of history

Abstract

This article results from studies, film analysis and reflections on the ideological construction of the concepts of hero and villain in the face of the historical criticism of the film Batman ─ The Dark Knight (2008). We substantiate the theoretical discussion on the writings of Hobsbawm (2007), Bernadet (1980), Koselleck (1992), Freire (2013), Campbell (2005), Žižek (2009), among others, aiming to understand the ideological construction of the hero and the villain within the film Batman ─ The Dark Knight and what are his insertions in Teaching History. Thus, this research analyzed different cinematographic productions with Batman as the central character, based on the dialogue with the authors cited above and with others, no less important, who contributed to the theoretical discussion. In the first section, we carry out a historical conceptualization of the terms that are part of this research, building a link between concepts, the film and reality. In the second section, we deal with Batman's historical evolution in the context of Gotham City's capitalist society. In the third section, we reflect on the characters Batman, Joker and Harvey Dent, elucidating the consolidation of the hero in the film with the possibilities of this discussion in the classroom. In the final considerations, we highlight the interpretations constructed by the research reflecting on the concepts discussed here