Fenologia de Blechnum acutum (Desv.) Mett. (Blechnaceae) em Floresta Atlântica Subtropical (Phenology of Blechnum acutum (Desv.) Mett. (Blechnaceae) in Atlantic Subtropical Forest)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1644-1656Keywords:
Clima, Fotoperíodo, Sazonalidade, Fenofase, Samambaia.Abstract
O clima de uma área é um dos fatores determinantes da dinâmica da vegetação e a fenologia estuda a ocorrência dos eventos vegetativos e reprodutivos das plantas desencadeados principalmente pela precipitação, temperatura e fotoperíodo. Os estudos fenológicos com samambaias, no mundo, aumentaram nas últimas décadas, porém os seus resultados são geralmente descritivos e restritos a poucos locais e a poucas espécies. Foram determinados o padrão e a sazonalidade das fenofases de Blechnum acutum, em Floresta Atlântica subtropical, relacionando-as com os fatores climáticos, a partir do monitoramento de 20 indivíduos, durante 18 meses. Para verificar a sazonalidade das fenofases foi utilizada a estatística circular. Blechnum acutum apresentou maior intensidade da renovação foliar em janeiro (38%), com maior período de atividade entre janeiro e abril de 2014. A formação de esporângios foi a fenofase que demonstrou o padrão sazonal mais evidente e ocorreu com maior intensidade e atividade em outubro de 2014 (25%). A senescência foliar manifestou maior intensidade em fevereiro de 2014 (23%), com 80% dos indivíduos encontrando-se nesta fenofase, em março de 2015. Os padrões fenológicos não demonstraram a mesma continuidade e regularidade em decorrência principalmente da falta de homogeneidade na manifestação da renovação e senescência das folhas pelos indivíduos na população. Os ritmos fenológicos de B. acutum também não foram igualmente influenciados pelas variáveis ambientais analisadas, sendo que a renovação foliar foi a única fenofase relacionada com temperatura e fotoperíodo.
A B S T R A C T
The climate of an area is one of the determining factors of the vegetation’s dynamics and phenology studies. The occurrence of vegetative and reproductive events of plants mainly triggered by rainfall, temperature and photoperiod. The phenological studies with ferns in the world have increased in recent decades, but the results are usually descriptive and restricted to few places and few species. It was determined the pattern and seasonality of phenophases of Blechnum acutum in subtropical Atlantic Forest, relating them to the climatic factors, from monitoring 20 individuals for 18 months. To check the seasonality of phenophases the circular statistics were used. Blechnum acutum showed greater intensity of foliar renovation in January (38%), with higher activity period between January and April 2014. The sporangia formation was the phenophase that showed the most obvious seasonal pattern and was more intense and activity in October 2014 (25%). The leaf senescence showed greater intensity in February 2014 (23%), with 80% of individuals meeting in this phenophase in March 2015. The phenological patterns did not show the same continuity and regularity mainly due to the lack of homogeneity in the manifestation renewal and senescence of leaves by individuals in the population. The phenological rhythms of B. acutum were not also influenced by environmental variables, and the leaf renewal was the only phenophase related to temperature and photoperiod.
Keywords: climate, photoperiod, sazonality, phenophase, fern.[1]
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Copyright (c) 2016 Thábia Ottília Hofstetter Padoin, Andressa Müller, Jairo Lizandro Schmitt
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