Avaliação da aplicação de modelos de desprendimento em bacia experimental do semiárido brasileiro

Paulo Roberto de Souza Silveira; George Leite Mamede

doi:10.26848/rbgf.v14.1.p396-406

Autores

Paulo Roberto de Souza Silveira https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-560X
George Leite Mamede UNILAB https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-6948

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.1.p396-406

Palavras-chave:

Granulometria, Modelo de Foster, Bacia Experimental do Vale do Curú, Bioma Caatinga

Resumo

Granulometria é um dos principais fatores que afetam a dinâmica de sedimentos em bacias hidrográficas, desde seu desprendimento do solo matriz até o transporte ou deposição pela rede e reservatório. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho analisar o comportamento granulométrico dos sedimentos em uma bacia do semiárido brasileiro, no bioma Caatinga e analisar a eficiência da aplicação de modelos de estimativa do padrão granulométrico do sedimentos desprendido das encostas. O estudo foi realizado na bacia hidrográfica do Pentecoste, situada no semiárido do Ceará. A parte experimental da pesquisa foi realizada na Bacia Experimental do Vale do Curú (BEVC) com coleta de dados pluviométricos e hidrossedimentológicos, amostras de solo da bacia de captação, precipitação diária e de escoamentos superficiais, durante a quadra chuvosa entre os anos de 2015 e 2017. Modelos de desprendimento de sedimentos divulgados na literatura foram testados e aplicados para a área de estudo. Os resultados mostraram que o modelo de desprendimento de sedimento da encosta proposto por Foster et al. (1981) apresentou os melhores resultados quando comparado aos demais, com coeficiente de Nash e Sutcliff (NS) de 0,99, em ambiente de cobertura vegetal mista.

Evaluation of the application of detachment models in the experimental basin of the Brazilian semi-arid region

A B S T R A C T

Size grain is one of the main factors that affect sediment dynamics in watersheds, from its detachment from the soil to the transport or deposition through the drainage network and reservoir. The objective of this research was to analyze the granulometric behavior of the sediments in a Brazilian semi-arid basin in the Caatinga biome and to analyze the efficiency of the application of models for the estimation of the granulometric pattern of sediments detached on slopes. The study was carried out in the Pentecost basin, located in the semi-arid region of Ceará. The experimental part of the research was conducted in the Curú Valley Experimental Basin (BEVC) with rainfall and hydrosedimentological data collection, soil samples from the catchment basin, daily precipitation and surface runoff during the rainy season between 2015 and 2017. Models of sediment release disclosed in the literature were tested and applied to the study area. The results showed that the slope sediment detachment model proposed by Foster et al. (1981) presented the best results when compared to the others, with Nash and Sutcliff coefficient (NS) of 0.99, under mixed vegetation cover.

Keywords: size grain, Foster model, Experimental Basin of the Curú Valley, Caatinga biome.

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