Paleoambientes quaternários da planície do rio Iapó, Castro, Paraná (Quaternary paleoenvironments of the Iapó River Plain, Castro, Paraná)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20160106Keywords:
Micropaleontologia, Pleistoceno Superior, Holoceno.Abstract
Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização das condições paleoambientais na planície aluvial do rio Iapó, com base em um testemunho sedimentar obtido na margem esquerda do rio, situado próximo à área urbana de Castro, PR. Para tanto, ressalta-se a utilização de diferentes dados proxies (análise multiproxy), como espículas de esponjas continentais e fitólitos, associados à determinação dos valores isotópicos de δ13C, δ15N, razão C/N, datações absolutas (14C) e análises granulométricas. Foi possível a identificação, via gemoscleras preservadas no depósito estudado, de táxons de esponjas de água doce característicos de ambiente lótico e lêntico, além da detecção de exemplar vivo de Oncosclera schubarti Bonetto e Ezcurra de Drago, 1967, aderido em substrato rochoso do leito do rio Iapó. A datação absoluta (14C) apresentou os seguintes resultados: 18.371 anos cal. AP. (114 cm) e 2.006 anos cal. AP. (72 cm), portanto, com idades que remontam ao Pleistoceno Superior e Holoceno Superior, respectivamente. Os dados obtidos permitiram caracterizar três fases de evolução paleoambiental: i) fase de canal ativo há pelo menos 18 mil anos AP.; ii) fase de abandono de canal e início da formação de um meandro abandonado, com depósitos relacionados à evolução de barras em pontal; iii) condições paleoclimáticas próximas às atuais na região, com a retomada da umidade na planície e perturbações por pulsos de inundação.
A B S T R A C T
The objective of this study was to characterize the paleoenvironmental conditions in the alluvial plain of the Iapó River, based on a sedimentary sample obtained on the left bank of the river, near the urban area of Castro in the state of Parana. To this end, different proxy methods were used (multiproxy analysis), such as: continental sponge spicules and phytoliths associated with the determination of δ13C, δ15N isotope values, C/N ratio, absolute dating (14C) and particle size analysis. It was possible to identify freshwater sponge taxa characteristic of lotic and lentic ecosystems via gemoscleres preserved in the studied sample. Living specimens of Oncosclera schubarti Bonetto and Ezcurra de Drago,1967, were also detected, adhering to a rocky substrate in the riverbed of the Iapó. The absolute dating (14C) yielded the following results: 18,371 cal years BP (114 cm) and 2,006 cal years BP (72 cm), therefore, with ages that go back to the Upper Pleistocene and Upper Holocene, respectively. The data obtained allowed for the characterization of three phases of paleoenvironmental evolution: i) an active channel phase for at least 18 thousand years BP; ii) a channel abandonment phase and the beginning of the formation of an abandoned meander, with deposits related to the evolution of point bars; iii) paleoclimatic conditions approximating the current ones in the region, with the recovery of the humidity in the plain and flood pulse disturbances.
Keywords: Micropaleontology, Late Pleistocene, Holocene.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Elaine Cristina Zavadovski Kalinovski, Mauro Parolin, Edvard Elias Souza Filho

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