Determination of Soil Respiration in a Brazilian Semiarid Region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v16.4.p1894-1905Keywords:
Agricultural activities, Caatinga, Greenhouse das, Forage cactusAbstract
Devido às recentes evidências que relacionam as mudanças climáticas ao aumento da concentração de gases do efeito estufa, é cada vez mais importante investigar as emissões provenientes das diversas atividades agrícolas. Entretanto, os valores para culturas presentes no bioma caatinga, decorrentes do uso e ocupação do solo, não são satisfatoriamente determinados, como é o caso da palma forrageira (O. ficus-indica), principalmente em regiões de clima semiárido, presentes na mesorregião do agreste pernambucano. Assim, objetivou-se estimar e comparar a respiração solo sob a vegetação natural (Caatinga) e sob um cultivo de palma forrageira (O. ficus-indica). Para tal, utilizou-se um arranjo experimental constituído de uma calota acrílica e de um medidor de dióxido de carbono. As medições foram realizadas, em ambos os casos, dentro dos limites da fazenda Santos e Silva, situada no município de São Bento do Una, na mesorregião do Agreste Meridional do estado de Pernambuco. Os ensaios permitiram classificar o comportamento da concentração de CO2 no interior da calota em seis grupos distintos. Em ambos os casos, a respiração do solo foi estimada satisfatoriamente. Para o solo sob vegetação nativa, os valores ficaram compreendidos entre 3,7 e 14,3 , com um valor médio de 7,2 . Já para o solo cultivado, os valores da respiração do solo foram estimados entre 2,5 e 11,1 . Essa diferença mostrou-se estatisticamente significativa.
Palavras-chave: Atividade agrícola, Caatinga, Gases de efeito estufa, Palma forrageira
Determination of Soil Respiration in a Brazilian Semiarid Region
ABSTRACT
The importance of examining gas emissions from various agricultural activities is growing due to recent research relating climate change to an increase in greenhouse gas concentration. However, as is the case with forage cactus (O. ficus-indica), the values for crops found in the caatinga biome resulting from the usage and occupation of the land are not clearly identified, primarily in semi-arid climate zones, such as those in the mesoregion of the Pernambuco agreste. Thus, this article aimed to estimate and compare soil respiration under natural vegetation (Caatinga) and a forage cactus (O. ficus-indica) crop. A carbon dioxide meter and an acrylic cover were used as part of this experimental setup. In both cases, the measurements were carried out within the limits of the Santos e Silva farm, located in the municipality of São Bento do Una, in the Agreste Meridional mesoregion of the state of Pernambuco. The tests produced satisfactory results, being possible to classify the behavior of CO2 concentration inside the cap into six distinct groups. In both cases, soil respiration was satisfactorily estimated. For soil under native vegetation, the values were between 3.7 and 14.3 , with an average value of 7.2. For cultivated soil, soil respiration values were estimated between 2.5 and 11.1 . This difference proved to be statistically significant.
Keywords Agricultural activities, Caatinga, Greenhouse das, Forage cactus
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