Dois plútons graníticos ou variação fáciológica de um mesmo litotipo? O caso do Stock Bezerros, Nordeste do brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51359/1980-8208.2025.266483Palavras-chave:
afinidade shoshonítica, nordeste do Brasil, stock BezerrosResumo
A Província Borborema (PB) foi alvo de intenso magmatismo potássico há cerca de 590-550 Ma, durante a fase sin-cinemática/pós colisional da orogenia Brasiliana/PanAfricana. Esse magmatismo originou diversos plútons graníticos de afinidade cálcio-alcalina de alto potássio à shoshonítica. Com destaque para a formação de grandes batólitos como o Caruaru-Arcoverde, do qual o stock bezerros faz parte. O stock bezerros possui uma forma de gota (“teardrop”) de direção NE-SW, facilmente reconhecido imagens aerogeofísicas e de satélite. O corpo ígneo intrudiu ortognaisses dioríticos a granodioríticos Paleoproterozóicos, representados pelo Complexo Salgadinho, Ortognaisse Bezerros e o Complexo Neoproterozóico Surubim-Caroalina. Em campo, foram reconhecidos dois litotipos: um sienogranito a monzogranito de textura grossa e um de semelhante composição de textura porfirítica. É comum a presença de enclaves monzodioríticos, ricos em minerais máficos, sobretudo biotita, anfibólio e allanita. Neste estudo, foram utilizados os métodos da magnetometria e gamaespectometria. Os mapas magnetométricos auxiliaram na identificação e caracterização do arcabouço estrutural da área de estudo. No mapa ternário (K, Th e U) foi possível subdividir o stock em dois domínios, um ao norte, caracterizado pelas altas contagens de Th e outro ao sul, de altas contagens de K. A química de rocha total revelou que o stock bezerros possui uma mineralogia típica de rochas metaluminosas, com valores de A/CNK abaixo de 1,2, podendo ser classificado como granito do tipo I. Em diagrama AFM, as amostras registraram um trend cálcio-alcalino, refletindo origem a partir de um magma parental de alta fugacidade de oxigênio. O stock possui afinidade shoshonítica, como evidenciado no diagrama K2O versus SiO2. Normalmente, granitos shoshoníticos na PB possuem gênese atrelada a processos de cristalização fracionada e mistura de magma máfico e félsico, isso é suportado pelos aspectos de campo. A análise microestrutural indica recristalização dinâmica, marcada por migração de limites de grãos e rotação de subgrão, o que sugere deformação em estado sólido em condições de média a alta temperatura (450°C < T < 600 °C). Ainda, é comum a presença de texturas de exsolução, representadas por mirmequitas e pertitas em chamas. As evidências de campo apontam que o stock é composto por dois plútons, originados a partir de múltiplos pulsos magmáticos em uma intrusão sin-cinemática à atividade das zonas de cisalhamento da região, dentre elas a Zona de Cisalhamento Pernambuco localizada a sul do stock. Por fim, a presença de deformação no estado solido indica que as zonas de cisalhamento continuaram em atividade após a cristalização dos plútons.
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