Macrófitas Aquáticas como Parâmetro no Monitoramento Ambiental da Qualidade da Água (Macrophytes as a Parameter in the Environmental Monitoring of Water Quality)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i4.232869Keywords:
, macrófitas aquáticas, semiárido, ecossistema aquáticoAbstract
O presente estudo apresenta espécies de macrófitas aquáticas estudadas em sete estações de amostragem na Área Diretamente Afetada e Área de Influência Direta no Riacho Seco na futura barragem de Brejão, região Agreste de Pernambuco-Brasil trazendo informações sobre sua indicação como parâmetro no monitoramento da qualidade da água. A amostragem ocorreu em março de 2012 compreendendo o período seco, utilizou-se o método do Quadrado para quantificar a biomassa seca média, identificação florística das espécies, Frequência de Ocorrência (F.O) e Formas de vida. 22 espécies de macrófitas foram identificadas, onde Alternanthera philoxeroides, Commelina erecta, Cyperus articulatus, Egeria densa, Myriophyllum aquaticum, Nymphoides indica e Polygonum acuminatum foram algumas constantes com 55% de F.O. Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna sp., Pistia stratiotes e Salvinia auriculata foram algumas das espécies comuns com 45%. Quanto às formas de vida, 54% emergentes, 32% flutuante livre, 13% flutuante fixa e 1% submersa livre. Polygonum acuminatum apresentou a maior variação de biomassa seca média em todas as estações, com 5,58±9,67 (gPS.m2) na montante, 48,89±12,71(gPS.m2) na ADA I, 5,23±9,06 (gPS.m2) na 500 m e 92,22±35,60(gPS.m2) na jusante II. Para os parâmetros físico-químicos 2 estações apresentaram média de oxigênio dissolvido abaixo do limite estabelecido pela Resolução Conama 357; 5,0 mL, nitrato e nitrito apresentaram concentrações de <0,20 mg/L e <0,006 mg/L padrão aceitável para água Classe II. Em detrimento da sua dinâmica as macrófitas aquáticas respondem por diversas alterações ambientais e podem ser usadas como parâmetro para monitorar a qualidade da água.
Palavras-chave: macrófitas aquáticas; região Agreste; qualidade da água.
Macrophytes as a Parameter in the Environmental Monitoring of Water Quality
ABSTRACT
This study presents species of aquatic macrophytes on 7 sampling stations in the Directly Affected Area and Direct Influence Area on Riacho Seco in future dam Brejão, Agrest region of Pernambuco, Brazil bringing about its indication as a parameter for monitoring water quality. Sampling occurred in March 2012 comprising the dry period, used the Quadrat method to quantify dry biomass average, floristic species identification, Frequency of Occurrence (F.O) and Biological Forms. 22 species of macrophytes were identified where Alternanthera philoxeroides, Commelina erecta, Cyperus articulatus, Egeria densa, Myriophyllum aquaticum, Nymphoides indica e Polygonum acuminatum were some constants with 55% of F.O. Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna sp., Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia auriculata were some of the common species with 45%. Regarding biological forms, 54% was emergent, 32% free-floating, 13% floating leaved and 1% rooted submersed. Polygonum acuminatum showed the greatest variation in average dry biomass in all stations, with 5,58±9,67 gPS.m2 in Montante; 48,89±12,71 in ADA I; ,5,23±9,06 500 m and 92,22±35,60 in Jusante II. For the physicochemical parameters 2 stations had average dissolved oxygen below the limit established by Conama Resolution 357 357; 5,0 mL, nitrate and nitrite were concentrations with <0,20 mg/L and <0,006 mg/L acceptable standard for Class II water. To the detriment of its dynamic aquatic macrophytes account for various environmental changes and can be used as a parameter to monitoring the water quality.
Keywords: aquatic macrophytes; water quality, Agreste region.
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Copyright (c) 2012 Cacilda Michele Cardoso Rocha, Anthony Epifânio Alves, Ariane da Silva Cardoso, Maristela Casé Costa Cunha

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