Fachadas Verdes e Comportamento Térmico Urbano (Urban and outdoor building thermal behavior with green façades)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20160169Keywords:
Fachadas Verdes, Comportamento Térmico Urbano, Sustentabilidade Urbana, MicroclimaAbstract
Na busca de soluções mais sustentáveis para o desenvolvimento urbano das cidades, a utilização de fachadas verdes em grandes centros urbanos é uma importante ferramenta de combate aos efeitos das alterações de condições climáticas. No entanto, é necessário quantificar os benefícios e o impacto na redução térmica urbana gerados na presença de fachadas verdes, por ser variável a magnitude do desempenho térmico que poderá ser atingido. O estudo de caso tem como foco demostrar qual a redução térmica do meio urbano imediato na presença de uma fachada verde. Seu objectivo é quantificar, analisar e comparar o comportamento térmico de uma fachada recoberta por vegetação e uma fachada “convencional”, em função de variáveis climáticas de temperatura, umidade e velocidade do ar, coletadas in situ, inseridas no mesmo microclima no centro da cidade de Madrid, Espanha, relacionando o comportamento térmico destas fachadas em diferentes estações do ano e períodos do dia. A investigação experimental abrange duas campanhas de medições realizadas em diferentes estações do ano: no verão, em que são observadas temperaturas médias mais elevadas, e no período do outono, no qual as temperaturas médias são inferiores. O monitoramento das medições in situ dos parâmetros climáticos foram efetuados durante seis dias e em três períodos do dia.Os valores e resultados encontrados estão em consonância com estudos similares desenvolvidos em diferentes países. A análise comparativa dos resultados experimentais obtidos entre a fachada recoberta por vegetação e a fachada “convencional” demostram que, a fachada verde têm significativo potencial de redução da temperatura no microclima urbano circundante, sendo uma ferramenta eficaz no desenvolvimento urbano de cidades mais sustentáveis.
A B S T R A C T
The use of green façades in large urban areas has been used in search for more sustainable solutions for the urban development of cities and as an important tool to strike the effects of climate change. However, it is necessary to quantify the benefits and the impact on the urban thermal reduction achieved due to green façades, because the magnitude of thermal behavior that might be achieved is variable. The main goal of this paper is to quantify, analyze and compare the thermal behavior between a green façade and a bare façade. Both façades are located in the same microclimate in the city center of Madrid, Spain. The presented case study demonstrates the impact of green façades in the thermal reduction in urban areas. Data of climate variables such temperature, humidity, and air velocity were collected in situ, in different seasons and different daytime periods. The experimental research stage took place in two different seasons of the year: in summer, when the average temperatures are higher; and in autumn, when the average temperatures are lower. The climate variables were monitored during 6 days and at 3 different time periods. The measured values are in accordance with similar studies conducted in different countries. The comparative analysis of experimental results obtained between the green façade and the bare one shows that the green façade has a significant potential of thermal reduction in the surrounding urban microclimate, being an efficient tool for the sustainable urban development of cities.
Keywords: green façades, urban thermal behavior, urban sustainability, microclimate.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Marina Paschoalino de Jesus, Júlia Maria Lourenço, Rosa Maria Arce Ruiz

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