Formação de ondas e os processos erosivos nas margens do lago da UHE Xingó
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.2.p887-902Keywords:
Velocidade do vento, Pistas de vento, Rio São Francisco, Erosão.Abstract
As características dos ventos têm uma grande influência no modo como as ondas são geradas, se propagam e promovem erosão nas margens de rios e lagos. Entre essas características, a velocidade e a direção do vento assumem um papel crucial, influenciando os principais parâmetros que caracterizam as ondas, designadamente a altura de onda e o período (tempo de duração). Esse trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a geração de ondas no Lago da UHE Xingó e as consequências nos processos erosivos na sua margem. Foram levantados dados in situ e das fontes disponíveis no SIMA - Sistema Integrado de Monitoração Ambiental. A coleta de dados de vento in loco foi realizada a partir da utilização de um anemômetro instalado em períodos determinados, em pontos diferentes da margem do lago, para que permitisse a comparação com os dados pretéritos coletados pelo SIMA. Os focos de erosão reconhecidos na extensão das pistas de vento, foram georeferenciados sendo realizada a sua associação com a direção dominante dos ventos, que promovem a consequente formação de ondas. Percebeu-se ventos diurnos maiores que os noturnos nos períodos mais secos, e também o desenvolvimento de ondas acompanhando essa tendência, ou seja, menores à noite do que no dia. Foram identificados 8 (oito) fetchs representativos dos ventos dominantes no Lago da UHE Xingó, todos com forte relação com os focos de erosão identificados, e percebeu-se pouca variação nos valores máximos de ondas em todas as pistas de vento, não ultrapassando o valor de 0,16m, ocorrente no período diurno.
Wave formation and erosive processes in the margins of Lake Xingó
A B S T R A C T
The characteristics of the winds have a great influence in the way the waves are generated, they propagate and they promote erosion in the riverbanks and lakes. Among these characteristics, wind speed and direction play an important role, influencing the main parameters that characterize waves, namely wave height and period (duration time). The objective of this work was to characterize the generation of waves in the Xingó Power Dam and the consequences on the erosive processes. Data were collected in situ and compiled from the available sources in the SIMA - Integrated Environmental Monitoring System. Wind data collection was carried out using an anemometer installed at specific periods of the year, at different points in the lake margin, to allow the comparison with previous data collected by SIMA. The erosion recognized in the extension of the fetchs were georeferenced, and their association with the dominant direction of the winds was carried out, which promote the consequent formation of waves. Higher daytime winds were observed than the nocturnal ones in drier periods, and also the development of waves accompanying this trend, that is, smaller at night than in the daytime. Eight (8) representative fetchs of the prevailing winds in the Xingó Power Dam were identified, all of them strongly related to the identified erosion spots, and with few variation in the maximum wave heights values for all identified values not exceeding the value of 0.16m and in the daytime period.
Keywords: Wind speed, fetch; São Francisco River; erosion.Downloads
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