Effect of climate change on water flow and sediment flow
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v18.1.p723-740Palabras clave:
Eta-HadGEM2-ES, Hydrological modeling, SWAT ModelResumen
This work is based on the hypothesis that in climate change scenarios, the hydrosedimentological cycle is affected and the amount of sediment produced in the basin is altered. The area used for the study is the Marombas watershed. Future flow was projected by the SWAT model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate scenarios, from 2020 to 2099. The SWAT model was calibrated on a daily scale between 1979 and 1989 and validated between 1994 and 1997. The Nash-sutcliffe values found were 0.91 for calibration and 0.74 for flow validation and 0.74. for calibration and 0.50 for sediment validation. The long-term hydrological projection (2020-2099) indicated an increase in monthly average flow of 10.4% and 16.5% for scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, respectively. The results showed an increase in modal flow (Q50) in both scenarios evaluated and in the occurrence of extreme events in RCP 8.5, as well as a reduction in the grantable flow (Q95 and Q98), in both scenarios. The results also indicated a trend of sediment production three times higher in the future than in the base period. This increase was attributed to the better temporal distribution of rainfall, resulting in higher soil moisture throughout the days, which is conducive to increased flow and intensified water erosion.
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