Uso de Indicadores Morfométricos como Ferramentas para Avaliação de Bacias Hidrográficas (Use of Morphometric Indicators as Tools for Assessment Watershed)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.2.p627-642Keywords:
Bacias HidrográficasAbstract
Indicadores morfométricos são importantes mecanismos para a comunicação de informações resumidas ou para a provisão de bases sólidas sobre as características físicas de bacias hidrográficas, o que possibilita adequar o manejo do uso e ocupação do solo e cobertura vegetal com base nessas características, visando garantir a sustentabilidade e influenciando no bem estar dos seres vivos. Portanto, nesse estudo, construiu-se um Índice de Análise Morfométrica e Aptidão do Uso do Solo e Cobertura Vegetal (IMUS) que integrou informações morfométricas e o atual uso e ocupação do solo na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una, utilizando, em seu cálculo, bases científicas, indicadores morfométricos e técnicas de geoprocessamento. Os valores obtidos para os indicadores morfométricos demonstraram que a bacia apresenta características físicas desejáveis quanto à vulnerabilidade a processos erosivos, entretanto, o uso e ocupação do solo da Bacia Hidrográfica contrasta com a aptidão calculada na região nordeste da bacia apresentando baixos valores, o que refletiu no valor final do IMUS. Desta forma, o IMUS se mostrou um importante instrumento para a análise das características morfométricas e uso e ocupação do solo para a previsão de enchentes e controle da susceptibilidade à erosão das sub-bacias hidrográficas, podendo ser uma ferramenta de apoio na gestão de bacias hidrográficas e servir de suporte no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.
A B S T R A C T
Morphometric indicators are important mechanisms for reporting summary information or for the provision of a solid foundation on the watersheds physical characteristics, which make possible to adapt the land use and management of the vegetation cover, based on those characteristics in order to ensure sustainability and influence on the welfare of human beings. Therefore, in this study, a Morphometric Analysis and Aptitude of the Land Use and Vegetal Cover (IMUS) was created, incorporating morphological information and current land use and occupation in Una River Basin, using in its calculation, scientific basis, morphometric indicators and geoprocessing techniques. The morphometric indicators of the values obtained showed that the watershed presents desirable physical characteristics in terms of erosion vulnerability, however, the watershed land use and occupation contrasts with the aptitude calculated in the northeast of the basin showing low values, which resulted in the final amount of IMUS. Thus, the IMUS has proved to be an important tool for the morphometric characteristics analysis and land use and occupation to forecast floods and erosion susceptibility control of sub-basins, allowing it to be a support tool in the management of watersheds and in the public policies development.
Keywords: Morphometric indicators; Watershed; Geoprocessing.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Darllan Collins da Cunha e Silva, José Luiz Albuquerque Filho, Jomil Costa Abreu Sales, Roberto Wagner Lourenço
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