Caracterização Geoambiental: Efeitos das Práticas de Uso da Terra na Reflectância da Água em Reservatórios Instalados Nos Rios Claro e Corrente (GO)

Abstract

The Cerrado, with its rich biodiversity and unique landscapes, faces significant challenges in conserving water resources due to land use practices. This study analyzed how the interaction between physical elements and land use affects water reflectance in hydroelectric reservoirs in the Claro and Corrente river basins. The research used remote sensing techniques to map the physical and land use characteristics. Reflectance was measured with a FieldSpec® Hand Held spectroradiometer (400-900 nm) in the Barra dos Coqueiros (40 points), Caçu (35 points), and Foz do Rio Claro (23 points) reservoirs during January/February and July/August 2016 and 2017. At UHE Espora, samples were collected at 35 points from August/November 2017 and January/April 2018. The study revealed the region's geoenvironmental complexity, influenced by geological, topographical, and rainfall factors, highlighting the importance of geological formations such as Marília, Vale do Rio do Peixe, and Serra Geral, which shape predominant agricultural practices. The expansion of agricultural activities at the expense of native vegetation has led to biodiversity loss, soil degradation, and increased erosion. These factors alter water quality, increasing sediment concentration and changing bidirectional reflectance, especially in the green and red bands. Conserving native areas and monitoring water quality are essential to preserving water resources and ensuring environmental sustainability.