Elaboração e Aplicação de Índices de Fragmentação e Conectividade da Paisagem para análise de bacias hidrográficas (Development and Application of Landscape Fragmentation and Connectivity Index to Watershed Analysis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v4i5.232678Keywords:
fragmentação, conectividade, paisagem, uso do soloAbstract
A paisagem pode ser considerada uma unidade espacial, cuja heterogeneidade é modificada principalmente pela relação entre sociedade e natureza. A análise da paisagem é fundamental para designar a sua configuração, expressa na estrutura espacial das suas subunidades. Desta forma, torna-se factível a investigação das implicações da configuração espacial da paisagem na dinâmica hidrológica, sobretudo mediante as noções de fragmentação e conectividade. A conectividade estabelece o grau de facilidade que os elementos podem se mover entre as unidades de paisagem. A fragmentação é caracterizada pela ruptura da conectividade. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo elaborar e aplicar índices para avaliar a fragmentação e conectividade na bacia experimental Santa Alice, SC. As principais análises foram realizadas com base no uso do solo, mapeado através da ortofotocarta (1:10.000) pela qual foram identificados os principais usos do solo: Campos, Estradas, Floresta Nativa, Mata Ciliar, Pinus e Solo Exposto. Os resultados dos índices demonstraram que a bacia é altamente fragmentada (213 fragmentos) devido à prática de reflorestamento. Na bacia, os elementos hidrológicos (drenagem) estão diretamente ligados a Mata Ciliar, demonstrando-se o cumprimento da legislação ambiental. Por outro lado, a interseção da drenagem com as estradas implicou em uma conectividade hidrológica com os demais usos, principalmente pela propagação de fluxo superficial pelas estradas até estas interseções. A aplicação de índices se mostrou uma metodologia efetiva para determinar a conectividade/ fragmentação, além de poder ser aplicada em outras bacias, buscando compreender a dinâmica da paisagem em diferentes escalas.
Palavras-chave: eco-hidrologia; métricas de paisagem; uso do solo; estradas.
Development and Application of Landscape Fragmentation and Connectivity Index to Watershed Analysis
ABSTRACT
The landscape can be considered a spatial unit, whose heterogeneity is modified mainly by the relationship between society and nature. The landscape analysis is essential to describe its configuration, expressed in the spatial structure of its subunits. Thus, it becomes feasible to investigate the implications of the landscape spatial configuration in the hydrological dynamics, especially by the notions of fragmentation and connectivity. The connectivity determines how easily the elements can move between landscape units. Fragmentation is characterized by disruption of this connectivity. In this context, the present work aimed to develop and apply index to assess the fragmentation and connectivity in the Santa Alice experimental watershed, SC. The main analysis was performed based on land use, mapped by orthophoto (1:10000) by which were identified the main land uses: Grassland, Roads, Native Forest, Riparian Forest, Pine and Exposed Soil. The results of the index analysis showed that the watershed is highly fragmented (213 fragments) due to reforestation practices. In the watershed, the hydrological elements (drainage) are directly linked to Riparian Forest, showing environmental policy compliance. On the other hand, the intersection of roads with drainage resulted in a hydrological connectivity with other uses, mainly by the propagation of surface flow along the roads to these intersections. Finally, the use of this index showed to be an effective methodology to determine connectivity/fragmentation, and can be applied in other basins to understand the dynamics of the landscape at different scales.
Keywords: eco-hydrology; landscape metrics; land use; roads.
Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2012 Roberto Fabris Goerl, Cesar Augusto Crovador Siefert, Gilson Bauer Schultz, Camila Strapasson dos Santos, Irani dos Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to make their work available online before or during the editorial process, on academic social networks, digital repositories, or preprint servers. After publication in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, authors are expected to update the preprint or postprint versions on the platforms where they were originally made available, providing a link to the final published version and any other relevant information, with proper recognition of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
