Degradação Ambiental na Microrregião do Carirí Paraibano (Environmental Degradation in the Micro Region of Cariri Paraibano)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v6i4.233080Keywords:
Semiárido, cobertura vegetal, Sensoriamento RemotoAbstract
O desmatamento de grandes áreas de vegetação de caatinga para dar lugar às lavouras e servir de pasto aos rebanhos tem contribuído para a degradação ambiental na região Semiárida. Os poucos remanescentes do Bioma Caatinga no Semiárido nordestino sofrem com a pressão exercida pelo avanço agropecuário e pelo descaso de órgãos ambientais de fiscalização. Na microrregião do Cariri paraibano muitos municípios tem perdido a cobertura vegetal em virtude da necessidade de terras para cultivo. Diante do exposto, fica clara a necessidade de estudos sobre a degradação ambiental, para isso o uso das geotecnologias tem proporcionado o monitoramento das alterações provocadas sem manejo adequado dos recursos naturais. O Sensoriamento Remoto e as imagens de sensores orbitais têm sido amplamente empregados em estudos ambientais, possibilitando a extração de informações. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a dinâmica da ocupação do solo e a cobertura vegetal no município de Pararí-PB entre os anos de 1988 e 2005, por meio de técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto e análise espacial, além de contribuir com o estudo da degradação ambiental no Semiárido. Os resultados obtidos com os mapas de cobertura do solo evidenciaram que a classe solo exposto ocupou as áreas anteriormente pertencentes à classe vegetação densa e rala, expondo o solo do município aos efeitos das chuvas intensas e irregulares. O Índice de Vegetação da Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) melhor representou o estado da cobertura vegetal existente nos anos estudados, e a resposta espectral do solo e vegetação foram influenciados pela precipitação na época em que as imagens foram obtidas. A B S T R A C T The deforestation of large areas of savanna vegetation to make way for crops and serve as pasture to flocks has contributed to environmental degradation in the semiarid region. The few remaining Caatinga Biome in the northeastern Caatinga semiarid suffer from the pressure exerted by agricultural advances and the neglect of environmental enforcement agencies. In micro Cariri many municipalities have lost vegetation cover due to the need for land for cultivation. Given the above, it is clear the need for studies on environmental degradation. In that purpose, the use of geotechnology has provided monitoring changes caused without proper management of natural resources. The Remote Sensing and images from satellite sensors have been widely used in environmental studies, enabling the extraction of information. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of land use and vegetation cover in the municipality of Pararí-PB between the years 1988 and 2005, using remote sensing techniques and spatial analysis, and contributing to the study of environmental degradation in the semiarid. The results obtained with the maps of land cover class showed exposed soil areas previously occupied belonging to the class sparse and dense vegetation, exposing the municipality to the effects of heavy rains. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) best represented the state of vegetation existing in the years studied, and the spectral response of soil and vegetation were influenced by precipitation at the time the pictures were taken. Key-words: Semiarid, vegetation cover, Remote Sensing.Downloads
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Copyright (c) 2013 Glauciene Justino Ferreira da Silva, Nadjacleia Vilar Almeida, Lidiane Cristina Félix Gomes, Otávia Karla Apolinário dos Santos

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