Análise dos processos erosivos em áreas suscetíveis a instabilidade de encostas na Barragem de Serro Azul, Palmares - Pernambuco (Analysis of erosion process in areas susceptible to instability slopes in the Serro Azul dam, Palmares - PE/ Brazil)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v10.3.p924-939Keywords:
Susceptibilidade, erosão, declividade, topografia, MDT.Abstract
Este estudo objetivou identificar áreas susceptíveis à erosão na área de influência direta da construção da Barragem Serro Azul, no rio Una, município de Palmares - PE. Foram analisadas amostras de solo para avaliação de sua granulometria e utilizadas curvas de nível para geração de mapas topográficos e de declividade a fim de avaliar áreas susceptíveis à erosão. As amostras de solo da margem direita e esquerda apresentaram, respectivamente: Limite de Liquidez de 57 e 46%, Limite de Plasticidade de 39 e 28% e Índice de Plasticidade de 18%. A análise granulométrica revelou um tipo de solo argiloso, sobretudo na margem esquerda, o que favorece ao processo erosivo. Os perfis de topográficos estão distribuídos a partir do eixo principal da Barragem, somando-se 24 perfis. A pesar das maiores cotas de elevação do terreno situaram-se entre 562 a 625 m de altitude, as cotas predominantes nos taludes na direita e esquerda ficaram entre 202 e 205 m, representando uma declividade de 11,9º a 15,8º, respectivamente. Ambas as margens apresentaram um relevo íngreme e montanhoso, com destaque para a margem direita. As áreas susceptíveis à erosão localizaram-se onde se observou um maior grau de declividade, ou seja, ao longo da margem direita e no final da margem esquerda, bem como, nas encostas próximas ao eixo, as quais estão propicias à instalação de processos erosivos e deslizamentos.
A B S T R A C T
This study aimed to identify areas susceptible to erosion in the area of direct influence of the construction of the dam Serro Azul, the river Una, the city of Palmares - PE. Soil samples were analyzed for evaluation of their particle size and contours used to generate topographic maps and slope in order to assess areas susceptible to erosion. Soil samples of the right and left bank showed, respectively: Limit of Liquidity at 57 and 46%, Limit of Plasticity at 39 and 28% and Index of Plasticity at 18%. The particle size analysis revealed a type of clay soil, especially on the left bank, which favors the erosion process. Topographic profiles were distributed from the main axis of the dam, adding to 24 profiles. Despite the higher terrain elevation quotas were between 562-625 m above sea level, the prevailing quotas on the slopes on the right and left were between 202 and 205 m, representing a steepness of 11,9º to 15,8º, respectively. Both banks showed a steep and mountainous, with emphasis on the right bank. The areas susceptible to erosion were located where there was a greater degree of steepness, ie along the right bank and at the end of the left bank, as well as in the next to the axis slopes, which are conducive to the installation of erosion and landslides.
Keywords: susceptibility, erosion, slope, elevation, DTM.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Maria Das Neves Gregório, Jânea Cristina Lopes de Souza, Dyêgo Lins da Silva, Márcia C. de Souza Carneiro, Eden Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Junior, Thiago César Cavalcante de Vasconcelos

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