Análise Preliminar dos Padrões Espaciais da Distribuição da Precipitação Sobre a América do Sul (Preliminary Analysis the Spatial Patterns of Precipitation Distribution over South America)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i1.232747Keywords:
dinamica monsonicaAbstract
A climatologia da América do Sul (AS) é diretamente influenciada pela dinâmica monsônica, a qual pode transportar umidade da região equatorial até a foz do rio da Prata influenciando diretamente na taxa de precipitação da bacia hidrografia do Rio Madeira, Andes Centrais e Sul do Brasil. Amostras oriundas do testemunho de gelo no nevado Illimani (cordilheira do Andes) e das precipitações coletadas na bacia do rio Madeira foram submetidas à análises de isótopos estáveis a fim de monitorar a variabilidade da circulação monsônica e sua relação com o clima da AS. Neste sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar padrões espaciais da precipitação a fim de auxiliar na compreensão da variabilidade das razões isotópicas das amostras. Para tanto, foi utilizado dados diários da precipitação do modelo de reanálise II (NCEP/NCAR) do período entre 1979 a 2010. Como técnica estatística, utilizou-se a Análise das Componentes Principais (ACP), que gerou modelos espaciais dos campos de precipitação. Sendo que esses modelos representam uma pequena porcentagem da variância. Estima-se que essa baixa representatividade dos modelos possui origem nas diferenças entre a formação caótica da precipitação e a linearidade do tratamento estatístico. Para finalizar, propõe-se que se realize a ACP em uma área menor, que abrange o nevado Illimani e a bacia hidrográfica do rio Madeira com médias mensais, bem como, efetue uma análise de clusters.
Palavras-chave: dinâmica monsônica, precipitação, ACP
Preliminary Analysis the Spatial Patterns of Precipitation Distribution over South America
ABSTRACT
The South America (SA) climatology is directly influenced by monsoon dynamics and which can carry moisture from the equatorial region to La Plata river basin, influencing the precipitation on Madeira river area, Nevado Illimani and southern Brazil region. Samples recovered from an ice core in Nevado Illimani (Andes) and from precipitation collected on the Madeira river basin were subjected to analysis of stable isotopes, to monitor the variability of circulation monsoon and their relations with SA climate. This study aims to identify patterns of spatial distribution in precipitation that can be used to better understand variations in the sample isotopic ratios. For this, we used rainfall data from the model reanalysis II, spanning the period between 1979 – 2010. As statistical technique, we applied the Principal Component Analysis (ACP) to generate spatial models of precipitation fields. These models are representative of an low percentage of total variance. These inconsistencies between model and precipitation may have their origins in the chaotic formation of precipitation and in the linearity of analysis statistic. For finalize, we proposed to perform ACP in a smaller area and with monthly mean, which covers Nevado Illimani and Madeira river basin, as well as the cluster analysis.
Keywords: monsoon dynamics, precipitation, PCA.
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Copyright (c) 2012 Éder Leandro Bayer Maier, Jefferson Cardia Simões

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