Mapeamento da Distribuição Espacial da População Utilizando o Método Dasimétrico: Exemplo de Caso no Sudeste do Brasil (Mapping the Spatial Distribution of Population by Using Dasymetric Method: a Case Study in Southeastern Brazil)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v06.1.p037-048Keywords:
densidade demográfica, mapa dasimétrico, cartografia temática.Abstract
O conhecimento da distribuição espacial da população urbana possui importância em várias áreas das ciências sociais. No Brasil, os mapas de densidade demográfica são normalmente construídos utilizando somente os dados do censo demográfico. O problema desta abordagem é que muitas vezes, os limites dos polígonos censitários não se restringem as áreas habitadas, incluindo também praças, cemitérios e indústrias. Para melhorar o mapeamento, dados auxiliares podem ser incorporados para refinar o cálculo da densidade (chamado de dasimetria). Neste trabalho, o método dasimétrico foi adotado para o município de Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A densidade foi calculada utilizando como dado auxiliar o mapa de uso da terra gerado a partir das imagens do Google Earth. As áreas residenciais foram combinadas com os dados do censo utilizando o Sistema de Informação Geográfica ILWIS. Os resultados revelaram que o método dasimétrico é uma alternativa viável para melhorar a visualização da distribuição espacial da população.
Abstract
Understanding the spatial distribution of urban population is crucial for a wide range of applications in social sciences. In Brazil, demographic density maps are usually set using only information acquired from the census datasets. The
problem of adopting this approach lies on the fact that the unit the census boundaries often do not comprehend habited areas only, including also square, commercial, and industrial areas. Improvements in cartographic representation is possible using the dasymetric method, an approach that consists of refining the spatial structures of the census polygons
by using ancillary data. The dasymetric method was employed to refine the demographic density map of Vespasiano County, Minas Gerais. It was used the ILWIS Geographic Information System (GIS) for integrating the census datasets and the land use map. The result acquired in this research showed that the procedure adopted is a feasible alternative that may be used for improving the spatial distribution of population.
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Copyright (c) 2013 Ana Paula da Silva, Rubia Gomes Morato, Fernando Shinji Kawakubo

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