Análise da Vulnerabilidade à Contaminação do Aquífero Freático e da Taxa de Infiltração do Solo da Bacia do Rio Almada e Área Costeira Adjacente – BA (Vulnerability analysis to contamination of the water aquifer and soil infiltration rate of Almada ...)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20150026Keywords:
mapa, vulnerabilidade, planejamento ambientalAbstract
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo a identificação de áreas vulneráveis à contaminação do aquífero freático da Bacia do Rio Almada e área costeira adjacente, Bahia - Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizada a caracterização da área de estudo, com base em dados primários e pré-existentes; bem como da taxa de infiltração e da característica física do solo. O mapa de vulnerabilidade à contaminação do aquífero freático foi obtido a partir da integração das características climática, declividade, profundidade do nível freático, solo e uso e ocupação do solo, por meio de álgebra de mapas em ambiente de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) na escala de 1:100.000, classificado em cinco graus de vulnerabilidade, assim identificados: muito baixo, baixo, médio, alto e muito alto. Os resultados apontaram que as áreas com maior vulnerabilidade à contaminação do aquífero freático situam-se, principalmente, na região costeira, nos locais relacionados aos solos arenosos, baixa declividade e nível freático raso. Os 15 pontos de amostragem de solo permitiram caracterizá-lo como de textura arenosa com elevados teores de areia (fina + grossa) - acima de 90% da composição granulométrica e valores de taxa de infiltração entre 0,00005 e 0,00075 cm/s. As informações levantadas e analisadas constituem produtos que poderão subsidiar tomadas de decisões, priorizando ações que venham a minimizar os danos ambientais como forma de resguardar a qualidade ambiental, orientar o manejo do solo e a recuperação ambiental.
ABSTRACT
Analysis of vulnerability to phreatic aquifer contamination and infiltration rate of the soil of Almada River Watershed and adjacent coast – BA. This research aimed to identify areas vulnerable to phreatic aquifer contamination Almada River Watershed and adjacent coastal area, Bahia - Brazil. Therefore, it was performed to characterize the study area, based on the primary and preexisting; well as the permeation rate and physical characteristics of the soil. The map of vulnerability to phreatic aquifer contamination was obtained from the integration of climate characteristics, slope, water table depth, and soil use and occupation of land by means of map algebra environment in Geographic Information System (GIS) on the scale of 1:100,000, classified into five degrees of vulnerability, thus identified: very low, low, medium, high and very high. The results showed that areas with greater vulnerability to phreatic aquifer contamination are located mainly in the coastal region, in areas related to sandy soils, low slopes and shallow groundwater. The 15 points allowed soil sampling characterize it as sandy with large amounts of sand (fine + coarse) - over 90% of the particle size distribution and infiltration rate values between 0.00005 and 0.00075 cm/s. The information gathered and analyzed are products that can support decision making, prioritizing actions that will minimize environmental damage as a way of protecting environmental quality, direct soil management and environmental remediation.
Keywords: land use and occupation; geographic information system; environmental planning.
Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Gustavo Barreto Franco, Demetrius David da Silva, Eduardo Antonio Gomes Marques, Cesar da Silva Chagas, Ronaldo Lima Gomes

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to make their work available online before or during the editorial process, on academic social networks, digital repositories, or preprint servers. After publication in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, authors are expected to update the preprint or postprint versions on the platforms where they were originally made available, providing a link to the final published version and any other relevant information, with proper recognition of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.